A textbook of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 00:20

... 598 COMPUTER BASED NUMERICAL AND STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES Enter the value of y2 – 392 Enter the value of y3 – 1452 Enter the value of y4 – 2366 Enter the value of y5 – 5202 Enter the value of x ... of the program and start of section func 599 600 COMPUTER BASED NUMERICAL AND STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES Step 13 temp = 1/ (1+(x * x)) Step 14 Return temp Step 15 End...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 15:20

... Daryaganj, New Delhi - 11 0002 Visit us at www.newagepublishers.com Preface The present book Computer Based Numerical and Statistical Techniques is primarily written according to the unified syllabus ... understand the subject A unique feature of this book is to provide with an algorithm and computer program in Clanguage to understand the steps and methodology used in writi...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 15:20

... numerical answer can be obtained even when a problem has no analytical solution However, result from numerical analysis is an approximation, in general, which can be made as accurate as desired ... 0 .28 5714 a quotient which is a nonterminating decimal fraction For using such a number in practical computation, it is to COMPUTER BASED NUMERICAL AND STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 15:20

... approximation True value x = = 0 .33 333 When approximate value x′ is 0 .30 the Absolute Error is given by: Ea = x − x ′ = 0 .33 333 − 0 .30 = 0. 033 33 COMPUTER BASED NUMERICAL AND STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES ... Approximate value (x′) = 0 .33 3 Therefore, Absolute Error, Ea = x − x′ = Relative Error, Er = , then find its absolute, relative and percentage − 0 .33 3 = 0 .33 333 3 − 0...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 15:20

... Given that Also a a ⇒ A = sin–1 b b A A + δb A < a a ∂b 1 % and % respectively sin A = a = ⇒ a = 0.1 a 100 δb = ⇒ δb = 0.2 b× 100 (1) 19 ERRORS AND FLOATING POINT A a A = = and 2 ∂b ... A such that the area of ∆ABC may be determined nearest to a square centimeter Sol Let area of the ∆ABC be given by, = X = bc sin A 18 COMPUTER BASED NUMERICAL AND STATI...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 15:20

... 0. 454 5e1, c = 0. 453 5e1 then (b – c) = 0.0010e1 = 0.1000e – l a( b – c) = (0 .55 55e1) × (0.1000e – 1) = (0. 055 5e0) = 0 .55 50e – ab = (0 .55 55e1) × (0. 454 5e1) = 0. 252 4e2 ac = (0 .55 55e1) × (0. 453 5e1) ... the normalized floating-point representation the associative and the distributive laws of arithmetic are not always valid The example given below proves the above statement...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 15:20

... eighth approximation to the root is given by x8 = 0 .65 7 + 0 .66 5 = 0 .66 1 From last two approximations, i.e., x7 = 0 .66 5 and x8 = 0 .66 1 it is observed that the approximate value of the root of f(x) ... negative so the root lies between 0 .65 7 and 0 .67 3 ALGEBRAIC AND TRANSCENDENTAL EQUATION 41 Seventh approximation: The seventh approximation to the root is given by x7 = ∴...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 15:20

... x3 and x4 are approximately the same upto four places of decimal, hence the required root of the given equation is 1.4036 54 COMPUTER BASED NUMERICAL AND STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES Example Find a ... correct to four places of decimal 53 ALGEBRAIC AND TRANSCENDENTAL EQUATION Example Using the method of False Position, find the root of equation x6 – x4 – x3 –1 = up to fo...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 15:20

... = 3.7 781 5 2 x2 = g (x1) = g (3.7 781 5) = 3. 788 63 63 ALGEBRAIC AND TRANSCENDENTAL EQUATION x3 = g (x2) = g (3. 788 63) = 3. 789 24 x4 = g (x3) = g (3. 789 24) = 3. 789 27 Hence, the root of the equation ... the rate of convergence of Regula-Falsi method Find real cube root of 18 by Regula-Falsi method Discuss method of Falsi Position [Ans 4.4934] [Ans 3.5425] [Ans 0.6071] [An...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 15:20

... prescribed accuracy 2.7.2 Order (or Rate) of Convergence of Newton-Raphson Method Let α be the actual root of equation f(x) = i.e., f (a) = Let xn and xn+1 be two successive approximations to the actual ... error at each step is proportional to the square of the previous error and as such the convergence is quadratic Example Find the real root of the equation x2 – 5x + = between...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 15:20

... (c) tan x = x (a) sin x = [Ans 1.896] [Ans 1.756] [Ans 4.4934] 79 ALGEBRAIC AND TRANSCENDENTAL EQUATION Using N–R method, obtain formula for N and find 20 correct to two decimal places [Ans 4.47] ... Thus, the root can be taken as 2.0945 correct up to four decimals 85 ALGEBRAIC AND TRANSCENDENTAL EQUATION Solution by Secant method: Taking initial approximations as x0 = 2, x1 = and f(...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 15:20

... the quadratic factors that are the products of the pairs of 92 COMPUTER BASED NUMERICAL AND STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES complex roots, and then complex arithmetic can be avoided because such quadratic ... 88 COMPUTER BASED NUMERICAL AND STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES From A and B, the quadratic equation p( x) = A( x − xi ) + B( x − xi ) + yi = gives the next approximation xi...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 15:20

... a =– a0 α0 .(3) 101 ALGEBRAIC AND TRANSCENDENTAL EQUATION q1(2) = a a − a2 α2 = α1 aa a2 a3 ∆1(1) = q1(2) – q(1) = a , ∆2(0) = a And so, ∆m(m) = In general, am+1 , m = 1, 2, 3, (n – 1) am qm(1–m) ... important feature of the method is that it gives approximate values of all the roots simultaneously and this fact enables one to use this method to obtain the first approxim...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 15:20