... (2007) Effect of hypoxia on gene expression of bone marrowderived mesenchymal stem cells and mononuclear cells Stem Cells 25, 1166–1177 Li L, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Yu B, Xu Y & Guan Z (2009) Paracrine ... the secretion of IL-1b and TNF-a, suggesting that the roles of these factors in the paracrine effects of MSCs are negligible However, hypoxia ⁄ SD also enhances the transcription and secretion of ... followed by hypoxia ⁄ SD for h and detection of relative mRNA levels of IL-1b and TNF-a by real-time PCR *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 versus hypoxia ⁄ SD treatment group (D) A representative pattern of...