... employment or worker rights, (ii) any norm on the protection provided to workers under national labour law and its enforcement, as well as (iii) any framework for cooperation in and /or monitoring ... joined PTAs with its trade partners, gaining preferential access to these markets To maintain its competitiveness against its competitors, Vietnam also has to follow suits, that is, joining PTAs For ... development PTAs offer Vietnam with more and preferential access to export markets, especially to main export markets, and with increasing FDI inflows Trade with PTA partners accounts for about...