Development a new equation of polarization curve for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell at different channel geometry

... reaction at the surface of catalyst layers ● A new correlation for predicting the polarization curve of a PEM fuel cell according to cell temperature and the parameter of cross-section channel geometry ... (7) that in this equation current density is in A/ cm2, temperatures are in ºC and Z=1 for elliptical channel and Z=2 for triangular channel and Z=3...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:32

... water and proton transport in catalyst layer and membrane, as well as electrical current transport in the bipolar plate The generalized Stefan-Maxwell equation is used to model the water and proton ... channels (parallel, serpentine, inter-digitated and etc) are machined in graphite plates to feed the reactant gases to the GDL Optimum flow channel area can be determined, as in...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:36

... now 1.2 Types of Fuel Cells There are six types of fuel cells that are currently in commercial use, di¤erentiated according to the type of electrolyte: Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC), ... Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC), Alkaline Fuel Cell (AFC), 1.2 Types of Fuel Cells Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell (PAFC), Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC), Solid Oxide...

Ngày tải lên: 30/09/2015, 06:29

... Suitable for all sizes of power stations, kW to multi-MW Table 1. 1 Main types of fuel cells and their characteristics and applications   1. 3 Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) Proton Exchange ... 1- 1 to 1- 3 [2]: Anode: H2 2H+ + 2e- Cathode: 2H+ + 2e- + 1/ 2O2 Overall: H2 + 1/ 2O2 (1- 1) H2O H2O + electricity + heat (1- 2) (1- 3) According to Eq 1- 3, t...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 10:02

... most accurate and realistic information of the Pt/CNT -based electrocatalyst as a potential substitute for conventional Pt/VXC72Rbased electrocatalysts used for high- efficiency PEMFC applications ... VCXC72R Carbon paper TGPH090 Toray Carbon black (CB) VCXC72R Cabot Commercial Pt catalyst 40wt% Pt/VCXC72R Johnson Matthey Commercial Pt catalyst 20 wt% Pt/VCXC72R E-TEK Nafion m...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 10:03

... (6vol%) and silane (1vol%) solution containing 0 .3 M Ni(NO3)2 and 0 .3 M Co(NO3)2 for h During the CNT growth, the carbon paper was heated at 600 °C for at 35 0 sccm Ar and 1.5 sccm H2 flow to obtain ... well as the carbon graphitization (see Fig 3. 2 (a)) On the other hand, at a high growth temperature of 800 °C, thermal pyrolysis of C2H4 would take place to form amorphous ca...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 10:03

... studies [13-17] 20000 4f7/2, 71.1 eV 4f5/2, 74. 4 eV 16000 CPS 12000 8000 40 00 84 82 80 78 76 74 72 70 68 66 64 Binding energy / eV Fig 4. 4 XPS spectrum of Pt nanoparticles on CNT /carbon paper by sputter-deposition ... sccm C2H4) 0.8 Pt/CNT -based cathode (15 sccm C2H4) Cell potential / V Pt/CNT -based cathode (20 sccm C2H4) Pt/CNT -based cathode (25 sccm C2H4) 0.6 -2 Pt loading:...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 10:03

... The longterm stability information of Pt/CNT -based electrocatalysts from a fuel cell under real operating conditions would be very useful for the full evaluation of these electrocatalysts in terms ... wt% Pt/VXC72Rbased electrodes at 1 .5 V vs DHE   141    120 (a) Before potentiostatic oxidation After 30min oxidation at 1.5V After 60min oxidation at 1.5V After 90min oxidation at 1.5V A...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 10:03

... cm-1 This technique is thus more suitable for fabricating low Pt loading electrode with high Pt utilization for PEMFC applications 6. 2 Recommendations for Future Research The in situ grown CNT ... tests were performed in a single cell test system When compared with two commercial Pt/VXC72R -based electrodes, the Pt/CNT -based electrode showed a notable improvement in polarization...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 10:03

... motivated by Ceng et al [2], Takahashi and Zembayashi [14], Takahashi and Zembayashi [9], the main aim of this paper is to introduce and investigate a new iterative method for finding a solution of ... et al Fixed Point Theory and Applications 2011, 2011:91 http://www.fixedpointtheoryandapplications.com/content/2011/1/91 Page of 11 and Takahashi [10] and Takahashi et al [13], Ta...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 21:20

... i=1 =1 REFERENCES [1] J M´guez, M F Bugallo, and P M Djuri´ , “A new class of parı c ticle filters for random dynamic systems with unknown statistics,” EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing, ... a, where he became an Asn sociate Professor in July 2003 His research interests are in the field of statistical signal processing, with emphasis on the topics of Bayes...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 23:20

... expression Data from all these assays together suggest that the effect of glucocorticoids on asthma may partly pass through the PTEN signaling pathway, and that PTEN is a new target gene involved in the ... Because of these facts, PTEN has been proposed as a therapeutic target for asthma [16] PTEN acts as the catalytic antagonist of PI3K by dephosphorylati...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 13:22

... determine students’ ESP Development of students’ English for Special Purposes competence in tourism studies at tertiary level Dr Ineta Luka, School of Business Administration Turiba, Latvia 13 competence ... stage of the research to create the model for the development of students’ ESP competence Development of students’ English for Sp...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 23:20

... 1: Parameters of the simulated signal Components (k) Ak ak,1 ak,2 ak,3 π/8 × 10−3 × 10−5 1.5 π/4 −1 × 10−3 −6 × 10−5 ISAR Imaging of Ship Target Based on IHMPT The ISAR imaging algorithm of ship ... multicomponent CPS for ISAR imaging of ship target with high maneuverability In this paper, a new algorithm called IHMPT is proposed to estimate the para...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20