Báo cáo sinh học: " Restricted maximum likelihood estimation of genetic parameters for the first three lactations in the Montbéliarde dairy cattle breed" pptx

... h1 8" alt ="" Original article Restricted maximum likelihood estimation of genetic parameters for the first three lactations in the Montbéliarde dairy cattle breed C. Beaumont Institut ... extensive. Therefore, in this part of the analysis, the fixed effects of the year-season of calving, of the age at 1st calving and o...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:20

... within each level pointing to the beginning of first trait in the respective effect level. For convenience of programming the actual address minus 1 is used. For linear optimization ... formulas for incomplete data must be performed carefully in order to obtain correct gradient information. We therefore formalize the incomplete element...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:22

... ’data part’ of M. In addition to calculating the matrices Ew l for the W combination of records per animal occurring in the data, all derivatives of the E- 1 for residual ... steps in the ’wrong’ direction in early iterates, thus making the search for the maximum of the likelihood function more robust against bad starting...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:22

... to satisfy, as for as possible, the best fit of regression of half sib performances on that of the individual (ie, the assumption of linearity for the genetic relationship between ... overlap, the selected lines differed in their origin, in the number of previous selected generations, and in their mean level of performance. I...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:22

... to satisfy, as for as possible, the best fit of regression of half sib performances on that of the individual (ie, the assumption of linearity for the genetic relationship between ... in the genetic variances (Bulmer, 1971), especially at the beginning of the selection process. Unfortunately, the information Robinson GK (1991) T...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:22

... decreasing the number of (co)variance components resulted in a reduction of the number of likelihood functions to be computed and of the CPU time per likelihood. The impact ... definiterress was obtained when 1 of the 2 traits was removed from the matrix. Another underlying assumption of the present REML analysis was the homo- g...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 19:22

... wish to find the mode of the marginal distribution of Jfl (or maximum of the marginal likelihood of the data) by recourse to Laplacian integration, as in Leonard (1982). ... since the procedure extends beyond the class of mixed linear models. The Laplacian technique used for finding the mode of the marginal posterior distrib...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 19:22

... point was added to the set of z points which formed the basis to predict t* in the previous step. The worst of the resulting set of z + 1 points was then eliminated, ... else- where. CALCULATING THE LIKELIHOOD The Model Let: denote the linear model of analysis with: Y the vector of N observations, b the vector of NF fixed...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:20

... traces involving the diagonal blocks, C ss and Cpp, of the inverse of the coefficient matrix. These can be derived using partitioned matrix results, utilising inverses ... values of KS = Kp = oc. Again, in the balanced case estimates were obtained in one round. Differentiating the log likelihood of Sy with respect to the new pa...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 22:22

... and in table V for genetic correlations. The variation among the estimates of the marginal mean for the three Gibbs chains is in agreement with the estimated SDM in table ... jointly sampling the location parameters for all traits of one effect on the original scale. To improve mixing of the chain additive genetic values...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:22