Computer Networking A Top-Down Approach Featuring the Internet phần 6 pot

... carried as the payload of an IP unicast datagram - a complete multicast IP dagram inside of a unicast IP datagram! The unicast datagram is then addressed to the unicast address of router B and ... When the unicast datagram arrives at B, B then extracts the multicast datagram. B may then forward the multicast datagram on to one of its attached hosts, forward the packet to...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... data, whereas packets for many wide-area links can carry no more than 5 76 bytes. The maximum amount of data that a link-layer packet can carry is called the MTU (maximum transfer unit). Because ... to "fragment" the data in the IP datagram among two or more smaller IP datagrams, and then send these smaller datagrams over the outgoing link. Each of these smaller datag...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... paying more a state of affairs that some (particularly Americans!) find odd. We'll take a look at state-of -the art Internet research that is aimed at changing this situation in Chapter 6. Our ... Daytona Beach another gas station attendant also extracts the Orlando portion of the address and tells Joe that he should take I-4 directly to Orlando. Joe takes I-4 and gets of...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... proach%2 0Featuring% 2 0the% 2 0Internet/ protocol_stacks.htm (6 of 7)20/11/2004 15:51:44 ATMover (AAL), the ATM Layer, and the ATM Physical Layer: ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL) ATM Layer ATM Physical Layer ... i.e., no data loss. In particular, a loss of file data, or data in a financial transaction, can have devastating consequences (in the latter case, for either the bank o...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... is almost identical to TCPServer.java. As with TCPServer.java, we import the java.io and java.net packages. In addition to these two packages we also import the java.util package, which contains ... of the data. These retransmissions are completely transparent to the application programs. The DNS lookup is also transparent to the application programs. To test the program pair...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... msec. Assuming for simplicity that ACK packets are the same size as data packets and that the receiver can begin sending an ACK packet as soon as the last bit of a data packet is received, the last ... integrity of the data in the datagrams. With IP service, datagrams can overflow router buffers and never reach their destination, datagrams can arrive out of order, and bits in...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... make Ethernet simple and cheap. But it also means that the stream of datagrams passed to the network layer can have gaps. If there are gaps due to discarded Ethernet frames, does the application-layer ... router. ATM in the entry router indexes an ATM table to determine the VCI for the VC that leads to the ATM destination address. AAL5 then creates ATM cells out of the IP d...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... phone application. The UDP segment is encapsulated in an IP datagram, and the IP datagram makes it way through the network towards the receiver. As the datagram wanders through the network, it passes ... TCP. Address translation is one of the more important gatekeeper services. Each terminal can have an alias address, such as the name of the person at the terminal, the...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:22

... to authenticate Alice by verifying that the source address on the IP datagram carrying the authentication message matches Alice's well-known address. If so, then Alice would be authenticated. ... that: ● the sender of the data is as claimed, i.e., that the sender has signed the data and this signature can be checked ● the transmitted data has not been changed since th...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:22