Transoesophageal Echocardiography - part 2 ppsx

... with tungsten limits ‘ringing’ Improves axial resolution 4 Transoesophageal Echocardiography A Amplitude Peak-to-peak amplitude Fig. 1 .2 Amplitude Fig. 1.3 Amplitude (A) A = max. variation in ... transfer Units = W Physics of ultrasound 13 i t i v 2 > v 1 when t > i v 1 > v 2 when i > t v 1 v 1 v 2 v 2 sine t / sine i = v 2 / v 1 t Fig. 1.11 Transducers...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 05:21

... objects (Fig. 1 .27 ) 26 Transoesophageal Echocardiography High temporal resolution = 1000×/second Ideal for imaging localized areas of heart and analysing time-related events 2- D imaging Multiple ... to create 2- D picture, but slow and patient movement causes artefacts Real-time imaging U/S system steers beam through pathway Multiple scan lines gives 2- D image at 30–60 frames/s 3...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 05:21

... Normal interventricular septum thickness measured in mid-diastole is A 1 2 mm B 2 5 mm C 5–7 mm D 7– 12 mm E 12 17 mm 78 Transoesophageal Echocardiography Fig. 4.1 ↑LV M (concentric hypertrophy) Diastolic ... function 77 Non-TOE assessment (1) MRI: high resolution, 3-D images LV function, extent of ischaemia (2) Nuclear imaging: myocardial scintigraphy (Tec-99) = ‘hot-spot’ imaging pe...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 05:21

... <1.5 cm Mild 1.5–3 cm Moderate 3–4.5 cm Severe >4.5 cm (2) Jet area Trivial <2cm 2 Mild 2 4 cm 2 Moderate 4–10 cm 2 Severe > 10 cm 2 (3) Jet length/RA length Mild <33% Moderate 33–66% Severe ... tricuspid regurgitation D pressure half-time of 22 0 ms is mild stenosis E pressure half-time of 110 ms gives an approximate tricuspid valve area of 2. 2 cm 2 10. The foll...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 05:21

... with CONSTRICTIVE pathology 124 Transoesophageal Echocardiography TOEassessment (1) Accessory chamber Hypoplastic or absent (2) Atrio-ventricular valve function 2AVvalves 65% 1AVvalve35% (3) ... exudates on pericardial surface Fibrin strands appear as ‘soap-suds’ on visceral pericardium 126 Transoesophageal Echocardiography Right-sided aortic arch Abnormal coronary anatomy Treatmen...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 05:21

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Ngày tải lên: 01/07/2014, 11:20

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Ngày tải lên: 01/07/2014, 17:20

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Ngày tải lên: 01/07/2014, 17:20

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Ngày tải lên: 01/07/2014, 17:20

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Ngày tải lên: 01/07/2014, 21:20