Heart Disease in Pregnancy - part 7 doc

... or progress to occlude the vein. In pregnancy most venous thrombi are found in the left femoral veins, but some start in the pelvic veins or, in heart disease, sometimes in the right heart chambers. Most ... arrhythmia during pregnancy include: • Resting 12-lead ECG • ECG recorded during tachycardia, 12-lead if at all possible • Echocardiogram • Thyroid function tests. H...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 17:22

... variation into the cardiovascular examination that may mimic heart disease. The palms flush, the extremities are warm, the soft Cardiovascular examination in pregnancy 19 Heart Disease in Pregnancy in ... period An increase in blood volume and heart rate as well as a reduction in systemic vascular resistance bring about the increase in cardiac output necessary to sus-...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 17:22

... complex congenital heart disease are surviving into the reproductive age after surgery in infancy or childhood. 1–4 Congenital heart disease is not infrequently discovered first during pregnancy, particularly ... dis- crepancies in risks depend on many factors, including ascertainment bias, environmental factors and how vigorously congenital heart disease in the off- spring...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 17:22

... rheumatic heart disease has not decreased in developing countries. Valvular heart disease is the second most frequent heart disease after congen- ital heart disease, during pregnancy, in western ... and uterine contraction results in an increase in preload. 10 Pregnancy- induced hemodynamic modifications are poorly tolerated in mi- tral stenosis because, in additio...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 17:22

... al. 44 Actuarial (%) SVD 76 .7 ± 14 55.3 ± 8.2 Valve-related complication 78 .3 ± 12 .7 — Valve-related reoperation 79 .7 ± 12.4 59.8 ± 7. 8 Non-actuarial (%) SVD 47. 1 50.9 PHV endocarditis 11.8 5 .7 Thromboembolism ... subcutaneous heparin in pregnancy by Ginsberg et al. is based on: heparin’s value in patients with angina and myocar- dial infarction and a study of 100 pregnan...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 17:22

... fall in hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]) in pregnancy, arterial oxygen content remained the same as before pregnancy. There was a 25% increase in rest- ing ventilation and a fourfold increase in ... breathing The increase in minute ventilation that begins early in pregnancy is greater than the increased metabolic demands require. Increased progesterone levels are the main facto...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 17:22

... common in late Peripartum and other cardiomyopathic pericardial diseases 189 A consensus opinion from the workshop in 19 97 was of an incidence in be- tween 1 in 3000 and 1 in 4000 in the USA 7, 19 which ... suspected of playing a part in initiating both the in- flammatory process in dilated cardiomyopathy and an autoimmune process against exposed or damaged myocardial p...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 17:22

... stage. In addition to establishing a management team, several general measures should be instituted when managing all gravid women with heart disease (Table 19.2), including pain control, strict input ... women at risk of develop- ing hypertension in pregnancy should be identified. The incidence of pre- eclampsia is increased in primigravidae (or first pregnancy with that partner)...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 17:22

... congenital heart disease. In: Heart Disease in Pregnancy. London: BMJ Publishing Group, 19 97: pp 19–51. 18 Presbitero P, Somerville J, Stone S et al. Pregnancy in cyanotic congenital heart dis- ease. ... Circulation 1994;89:2 673 –6. 19 Oakley C, ed. 19 97; Cardiac intervention and surgery during pregnancy. In: Heart Disease in Pregnancy. London: BMJ Publishing Gro...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 17:22

... 318 Index 351 phenoxybenzamine (Dibenyline) 275 phenylephrine 299–300 phenytoin (Epanutin) 274 pheochromocytoma 275 , 276 placenta accreta 291 placenta praevia 244 placental abruption 272 , 273 placental ... 50, 53, 59 75 , 138, 143–4, 1 57 idiopathic 59, 60, 72 , 77 and maternal mortality 72 , 143 post-capillary 60 prenatal management 73 primary 32 secondary 72 pulmonary infarct...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 17:22