addison s disease in pregnancy

Ngày tải lên: 28/08/2014, 10:16

... biosynthesis Rate limiting enzyme in the synthesis of serotonin APS II 21-Hydroxylase (21-OH) Steroid hormone synthesis Description of important autoantigens in Addison' s disease, Addison' s disease ... melanin catalyser in the inner ear [22] Some inner ear diseases are known to be caused by water and ion regulating problems, which is the case with Addison' s disease The aim of this study was to investigate ... synthesis Addison' s disease with POF 21-Hydroxylase (21-OH) Side-chain cleavage enzyme (SCC) Steroid hormone synthesis Steroid hormone synthesis APS I 17α-hydroxylase (17α-OH) Aromatic L-amino...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 08:21

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 02:22

... CSF absorption, or increased cerebral venous pressure causing a secondary increase in CSF pressure Analysis of CSF arginine vasopressin (AVP) in patients with IIH demonstrates it to be elevated ... acute illness The association of IIH with Addison s disease is possibly secondary to increased serum and CSF arginine vasopressin peptide (AVP) in a glucocorticoid deficient state Though standard ... [8] Thus it is possible that increased serum, and possibly CSF AVP may mediate IIH in Addison s disease In this case, there are two weaknesses to acknowledge with regards to demonstrating the...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:23

... Cushing s disease Two of our patients presented with such problems as initial symptoms Thus a high index of suspicion of Cushing s syndrome is essential for its diagnosis in children with obesity, ... two and a half years’ follow-up Discussion Cushing s disease is rare in children, and its clinical presentations differ from those in adults In children with Cushing s disease, growth retardation ... Cushing s disease The diagnosis of Cushing s disease is based on the clinical suspicion and biochemical confirmation of hypercortisolism Lack of a diurnal rhythm in serum cortisol levels is the...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 10:20

... mechanisms of many disease processes and will continue to impact our understanding of disease pathogenesis This minireview will examine the previous studies of genes for ROCO or LRRK2 homologs in slime ... enhanced sensitivity to endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by tunicamycin, a specific inhibitor for N-linked glycosylation Interestingly, this enhanced sensitivity is suppressed in mutant worms with ... known as frequent ‘contaminants’ in the process of searching binding proteins, the in vivo evidence for the relationship between ROCO proteins and cytoskeletons in D discoideum suggests a need...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 04:20

... as noninfectious diseases such as small vessel vasculitides, systemic lupus erythematosus or even malignancies The initial diagnosis of leptospirosis remains a clinical one, a presumed analysis ... diagnosis of leptospirosis requires a high degree of clinical suspicion because the disease s numerous manifestations can mimic other tropical infections or other nonspecific febrile illnesses, as ... and did manuscript revisions EE was involved in direct patient care as the hospitalist NM was involved in direct patient care as the infectious disease specialist SE was involved in Page of direct...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 02:22

... mutation in our cohorts Discussion As recently shown, mutations in the PINK1 gene rarely cause autosomal-recessively transmitted PD [3] Besides an early age of onset, the observed clinical symptoms in ... a serine-threonine kinase domain with homology to kinases of the Ca2+/calmodulin family[3] It appears to exert protective effects against cellular stress within mitochondria[3] These findings ... variant was not associated with late-onset PD in our study These findings correspond to previously published data of no leading association of other coding SNPs within the PINK1 gene and PD [13] In...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 08:20

... problems caused by limb-length discrepancy, as lesions frequently involve the femur or tibia [2] Malignant changes in Ollier s disease may occur in adult patients [2] As dysplasia progresses, there ... calcifies, it is detected as irregular opacities It has been emphasized that Ollier s disease usually stops spontaneously with skeletal maturity; therefore, any lesion showing activity or increased ... diagnosis of benign lesions was reliable Retrospective assessment of our patient revealed that the etiology of increased uptake in the lower limb lesions was due to previous insufficiency fractures...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 14:20

... Hematoxylin and Eosin Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests simultaneous occurrence of Hodgkin 's disease, Langerhans cell histiocytosis and multiple myeloma in ... frequent initial symptom In 5– 10% of patients, general symptoms such as fever, malaise and peripheral eosinophilia may be present Microscopic findings of Langerhans cell histiocytosis include eosinophils ... Giardini R: Langerhans cell histiocytosis arising after Hodgkin 's disease Pediatr Hematol Oncol 1997, 14:585-8 Shin MS, Buchalter SE, Ho KJ: Langerhans' cell histiocytosis associated with Hodgkin's...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 19:21

... reach the subcutaneous tissues through imperceptible abrasions on the upper layers of the skin Since this pathogen is a slow growing fungus in its parasitic stage, L loboi should possess a yet ... staining showed spherical to oval yeast-like cells mostly uniform in size and arranged singly or in small chains of cells linked by small tube-like structures (Figures Figure Hematoxylin-eosin stained ... Lobo 's disease proven cases in humans or dolphins, or researchers working with purified yeast-like cells of L loboi, should be carefully considered during clinical investigation of nodular skin disease...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 20:20

... peptides The renin–angiotensin system regulates salt and water hemostasis in the body There is an increase in both renin and angiotensin levels during pregnancy. 30 This paradoxical increase in renin ... that occurs in the supine position is usually compensated by an increase in supine systemic vascular resistance The ‘supine hypotensive syndrome of pregnancy occurs when there is inferior vena ... measuring the arterial systolic pressure or calculating the systemic vascular resistance During pregnancy, there is a fall in systemic (peripheral) vascular resistance beginning in week of gestation...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 17:22

... resting blood pressure tends to fall slightly in pregnancy as in normal women, but considerable rises in systolic pressure and pulse pressure occur on exercise with attendant risks Blood pressurelowering ... heparin may be used during the period of greatest risk while the patient is in hospital and are safe Fetal risk Cyanosis also poses a substantial risk to the fetus, and results in increased fetal ... transfer The presence of digital clubbing should raise the possibility of congenital heart disease, pulmonary veno-occlusive disease or fibrosing lung diseases Inspiratory crackles or decreased...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 17:22

... disease Circles, mild aortic stenosis; squares, moderate aortic stenosis; diamonds, severe aortic stenosis; triangles, pulmonic stenosis Open symbols, NYHA functional class I on presentation; closed ... constraints in certain developing countries where mitral stenosis remains frequent in young women.30 Aortic stenosis Clinical presentation Severe aortic stenosis of rheumatic origin is uncommon in ... the ascending aorta is associated Echocardiographic examination should search for other valve disease, in particular mitral stenosis, which is usually present in cases of aortic stenosis of rheumatic...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 17:22

... (INR) Thromboplastins used in the USA had lower responsiveness than European thromboplastins and resulted in less prolongation of the prothrombin time for the same warfarin dose, resulting in ... become useful tools for the correct inclusion of lupus patients 136 Heart disease, pregnancy and systemic autoimmune diseases 137 Table 11.1 Cardiac complications in systemic autoimmune diseases Condition ... cephalopelvic disproportion Pregnancy may cause cardiorespiratory problems (resulting from the small chest cavity) General anesthesia should be used because spinal stenosis, osteophytes, short pedicles or...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 17:22

... this form of scleroderma.21 The heart can be involved during the course of systemic sclerosis in several forms.22 Pericardial disease is not as common as in other connective tissue diseases, such ... connective tissue diseases, particularly systemic sclerosis, mixed connective tissue disease and SLE,52 can be a direct cause of PHT (class 1.3.1) In addition, chronic thromboembolic disease (classes 4.1 ... diseases, it seems prudent to offer aspirin to all patients with aPLs and diffuse systemic sclerosis, as well as to those with SLE and previous renal involvement Thrombosis Pregnancy combines...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 17:22

... cardiac dysfunction are sometimes missed Although this emphasizes the huge cardiovascular reserve that exists, it also indicates the subtlety of the clinical signs or their elusiveness unless clinicians’ ... about the possible adverse effects of statins on the fetus, so it is usual to advise a change to cholestyramine Pregnancy is likely to be associated with progression of the disease Diagnosis of myocardial ... artery dissection.33 Successful cardiac transplantation was reported in two cases of dissection associated infarction in pregnancy2 9,30 and in a case of dissection and infarction outside pregnancy...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 17:22

... from high doses of rate-slowing drugs, or even from moderate doses in patients with underlying sinus node disease Intermittent sinus bradycardia may be seen in cases of sinoatrial disease, or occur ... patients with suspected bradycardia, abnormalities that should be sought include evidence of sinus node disease such as resting sinus bradycardia or intermittent pauses, and conduction system disease ... massive pulmonary embolism showing tachycardia, 120/min, with pulsus paradoxus Blood pressure has been well maintained in the supine position but is spiky with a narrow base, indicating a low stroke...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 17:22

... symptoms, signs, investigations and fetal wellbeing, must be assessed, before determining whether the patient has mild, moderate or severe disease As a result of the focus of this chapter, assessment ... or spiral CT to assess the size and distribution of the clot burden A central line is inserted and unfractionated heparin is started It is usual to give inotropes and vasopressors but, unless ... frequently a surprise in patients with negative clinical findings who may have complained only of some shortness of breath, transient dizziness or faintness, and who not appear to be in distress Bowing...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 17:22

... angioplasty (PTCA) with stenting is the therapy of choice in single-vessel dissection In cases of left main dissection and multi-vessel involvement, coronary artery bypass grafting should be considered ... is used for these patients, but, with the decline in its use, it is not readily available in many obstetric anesthesia units Sevoflurane has suitable cardiovascular effects and may be used instead ... description by Inoue in 1984, has been shown to be successful in large studies of patients with symptomatic mitral stenosis The mechanism of balloon mitral valvotomy— commissural splitting— is similar...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 17:22