Modern Developments in X-Ray and Neutron Optics Episode 2 pptx

... following: F (x, y, z)=a 11 x 2 +signa 22 y 2 + a 33 z 2 +2a 12 xy +2a 13 xz +2a 23 yz +2a 14 x +2a 24 y +2a 34 z + a 44 + b 12 x 2 y + b 21 xy 2 + b 13 x 2 z + b 31 xz 2 + b 23 y 2 z + b 32 yz 2 =0 (2. 15) Here, ... 5.7) F x = −2x sign(ρ)  ρ 2 − x 2  (R − ρ)+sign(ρ)  ρ 2 − x 2  2 (2. 17) F y = 2( y − R) (2. 18) F z = −2z. (2. 19) Elliptical Pa...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:22

... described in (13.3). It is possible to make the measurement without changing anything in the LTP but instead by simply inclining the grating with respect to the optics table in order to obtain the ... spaced by 22 5 μm and rotated by 25 ◦ to minimize the overlap of the diffraction from adjacent holes in the measurement plane [8]. A back-illuminated, thinned, 16- bit EUV CCD came...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:22

... Kov´acs-Mezei, and L. Rosta 355 22 .1 Introduction 355 22 .2 Development and Investigation of Ni/Ti Multilayer Supermirrors for NeutronGuides 356 22 .2. 1NeutronGuides 356 22 .2. 2 Relation Between Crystalline ... Experiments 324 20 .4.1ExperimentsinVIS Region 324 20 .4.2ExperimentsinEUV Region 325 20 .4.3FutureExperiments withMFO 328 20 .5 Conclusions 328 References 329 21 CLE...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:22

... excited in the waveguide. Its thickness, i.e., the minimum thickness for efficient beam coupling D min , can be obtained by use of (6 .2. ) and (6.4): D min > λ 2 1  θ 2 c,1 − θ 2 c ,2 = 1 2 1  2 1 λ 2 − 2 2 λ 2 . ... 060701 (20 07) 12. S. Reiche, Nucl. Instrum. Methods A 429 , 24 3 (1999) 13. M. Abo-Bakr, R. Follath, A. Meseck, in Proceedings of the 27 th Intern...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:22

... ≈ ˜ Φ(kθ)exp  −iπ/4+ikθ 2 x /2  / √ λx, where ˜ Φ(kθ) ≈ d  sin(kθd /2) kθd /2 + cos(kθd /2) (kd /2)  θ c 2 − θ 2  , (6 .22 ) with two lateral plane waves, M 2 (x, y) (see (6 .21 )), entering into the vacuum gap ... 5 42, 24 8 (20 05) 26 . B.E. Allman et al., Neutron News 10, 20 (1999) 27 . M.R. Daymond, M.W. Johnson, Nucl. Instrum. Methods A 485, 606 (20 02) 28 . A.D....

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:22

... ρ m · r)  d 2 A m (z) dz 2 − 2 jρ m,z dA m (z) dz −(ρ 2 m,x + ρ 2 m,z ) A m (z)+k 2 0 ¯εA m (z) + k 2 0 ΔεA m (z) 2 L L + S ∞  h=1 ,2, 3 sinc  hπ L L + S  cos(h G · r)  =0. (8 .24 ) We also ... (8 .22 ) ρ m,z = k cos θ in − mG sin ψ, (8 .23 ) with k =2 ¯ε 1 /2 /λ. An incident plane-wave E inc with wave vector ρ 0 is subdivided by X-ray diffraction inside the grating...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:22

... SPring-8 [ 12, 22 28 ] and APS [29 –35] facilities. For KB mirror fabrication at SPring-8, plasma chemical vaporization machining (PCVM) is employed for rough figuring, and elastic emission machining ... angle of incidence), following the N´evot–Croce formula [8]: R σ = R 0 exp  − 16π 2 σ 2 n h n l sin ϑ h sin ϑ l λ 2  . (16.6) In this formula, n l ,n h are the refractive indexes...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:22

... 33 Intensity gain 2, 8 92 7,078 7, 929 8,070 8,5 02 5,631 1,550 be neglected in most cases relative to the part containing the critical angle 2 cr f 1 ,2 . From these formulas, the following important ... 371, 307 (20 01) 7. A. Bjeoumikhov, N. Langhoff, R. Wedell, V. Beloglazov, N. Lebedev, N. Skibina, X-Ray Spectrom. 32, 1 72 (20 03) 8. C.A. MacDonald, W.M. Gibson, X-Ray Spectrom...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:22

... been possible to increase the number of layers from 150 to 1,000 and the m-value from m =2. 3to3.4. 22 .2 Development and Investigation of Ni/Ti Multilayer Supermirrors for Neutron Guides 22 .2. 1 Neutron ... revealed 22 Neutron Supermirror Development 357 0 123 45 0 20 40 60 80 100 Reflectivity of Ni / Ti supermirrors m =2 92% m =2. 5 90% m=3 87% m=3.6 78% m=4 72% Reflecti...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:22

... 300 ◦ C t Ni (nm) 1 .26 1 .26 1 .28 1. 32 1.33 1.34 t C (nm) 1.89 1.89 1. 92 1.98 1.99 2. 01 Λ (nm) 3.15 3.15 3 .23 .33. 32 3.35 ρ Ni (g cm −3 )8.98.98.98.58.58.0 ρ C (g cm −3 )2. 22. 22. 12. 02. 01.8 σ eff C-on-Ni (nm) ... together with a linear fit Fig. 23 .7. Grain size in the FeCo layers depending on the layer thickness 23 Stress Reduction in Multilayers Used for X-Ray and N...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:22