STREAM ECOLOGY & SELF PURIFICATION: An Introduction - Chapter 6 ppt

... water. Surface water can be bro- ken down into five categories: oceans, lakes, rivers and streams, estuaries, and wetlands. 6. 4 STREAM WATER As Allen points out, we all have an intuitive appreciation ... transportation, recreation, and waste disposal. Humans cannot live without water. Consider the 5-5 -5 Rule-humans can live about five minutes without air, about five days w...

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... pesticides, cleaning sol- vents, and many others-organic chemicals (6) Insoluble particles of soil, silt, and other inorganic and organic materials that can remain suspended in water-sediment ... Agency, EPA 230-B-9 6- 0 01, p. 33, 19 96. 162 ~arr, J. R. and Dudley, D. R., "Ecological perspective on water quality goals." Environmental Management, 55 5 -6...

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... flow, and the speed of flow changes to form a river. As it changes speed and slows, the river bot- tom changes from rock and stone to silt and clay. Plants begin to grow, stems thicken, and ... shape channels, or move signifi- cant quantities of sediment in all but sand-bed streams, which can experience change more rapidly. During extreme events, the greatest scour occurs, and the ......

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... as stated 36~ oran, J. M,, Morgan, M. D., and Wiersma, J. H., Introduction to EnvironmentalScience. New York: W.H. Free- man and Company, p. 67 ,19 86. 370dum, E. P., Basic Ecology. Philadelphia: ... Sediments Animal 'N' Excretion I Ammonia ++ Organic Nitrogen as Amino Acids Figure 3.3 Nitrogen cycle. the topic of stream ecology and self- purificati...

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... abandonment, the climax oak-hickory forest was restored. 5 .6 POPULATION RESPONSE TO STRESS AND STREAM ECOLOGY It is important to understand that the dynamic balance of the stream ecosys- ... Community ecology- the study of the structure and dynamics of animal and plant commu- nities. Population ecology provides modeling tools that can be used for predicting corn- munity...

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... such as phytoplankton (plants) and zooplankton (ani- mals), and some consumers such as insects and fish. Plankton are small organ- isms that can feed and reproduce on their own and serve as food ... provide clean, healthy, normal streams. This is accomplished by maintaining the stream& apos;s flora and fauna in a balanced state. Nature balances stream life by maintaining both the numbe...

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... Waste 1 7 .67 3.37 2 7 .63 4.73 3 7.49 6. 68 4 7.20 9.08 5 6. 75 11.77 6 6.21 14 .61 7 5 .65 17.42 8 5.12 20.07 9 4 .64 22.45 10 4.23 24.51 11 3.89 26. 20 12 3 .63 27.54 13 3.42 28. 56 14 3.27 ... "C lndustrial Rate: 7 pprn Treatment: Secondary 6) Day Oxygen Waste 1 7 .67 2.81 2 7 .66 3.08 3 7 .63 3.47 4 7.57 3.95 5 7.48 4.49 6 7.38 5. 06 7 7. 26 5 .62...

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... the left and right stream banks separately. Define the "left" and "right" banks by standing at the downstream end of the study stretch and look up- stream. Each bank is evaluated ... BIOLOGICAL SAMPLING Arrange in order: 6. 4 m& 6. 5 mg/L, 6. 9 mgL, 7.0 mgL, 7.0 mg/L Median = 6. 9 mg/L (central value) Range = 7.0 mg/L - 6. 4 mg/L = 0 .6 mg/L...

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... M. G., "Water-quality trends in the Nation's rivers." Sci- ence, 235(47 96) : 160 7-1 61 5, 1987. Smith, R. L., Ecology and Field Biology. New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, ... water, and about five weeks without food. 6. 5 Use(s) 6. 6 Evaporation-evaporation of surface water by the sun's energy Transpiration-water vapor emitted from plants Cond...

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... leucocephala 6 b 112.8 23.1 21.8 46. 2 Dactyladenia barteri 6 b 50.5 36. 6 21.8 16. 7 Leucaena leucocephala 7 c 93.1 12.7 16. 6 47 .6 Senna siamea 7 c 77.2 19.4 16. 6 30.8 a Nondegraded. b Moderately ... Ibadan, 1992 Casts (Mg ha –1 ) Organic C (kg/ha) Total N (kg/ha) Forests 36. 5 1805.4 131.5 Bush fallow system 10.4 412 .6 27.5 Leucaena alley cropping 40 .6 1903 .6 1 36. 6 Pueraria...

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