Honey Bees: Estimating the Environmental Impact of Chemicals - Chapter 6 pps

... channel. Imidacloprid (IMI) {1–[ ( 6- chloro- 3- pyridinyl)methyl ]-4 ,5-dihydro-N-nitro-1H-imidazol-2-amine} is one of these new molecules (Figure 6. 1). According to the literature, IMI in insects acts ... labeling (Figure 6. 5C). In the basal ring the mean gray level of the 10 6 M group was significantly lower compared to the saline group. In the 10 Ϫ4 M IMI-treated...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:22

... into one of the following categories: high-, medium-, and low-risk products. Each stage of the procedure leads to either an assessment of the risk (and therefore classification in one of the risk ... guidelines. EPA 712-C-9 6- 1 47. Washington DC, USA. 24 US EPA (19 96) . Honey bee toxicity of residues on foliage test (OPPTS 850.3030). Ecological effects test guidelines. E...

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... x 6 7 -6 4-1 1-Hydroxy-2-propanone C 3 H 6 O 2 74 x 11 6- 0 9 -6 3-Buten-2-one C 4 H 6 O 70 x 7 8-9 4-4 2-Butanone C 4 H 8 O 72 x 7 8-9 3-3 3-Hydroxy-2-butanone C 4 H 8 O 2 88 x 51 3-8 6- 0 4,4-Dimethyl-2-oxetanone ... 86 x 59 0-8 6- 3 5-Methyl-2-furfural C 6 H 6 O 2 110 x 62 0-0 2-0 5-( Hydroxymethyl )-2 -furfural C 6 H 6 O 3 1 26 x 6 7-...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:22

... parameter is the level of conditioned responses during the acquisition phase of the CPE assay. Statistical com- parisons of treated and untreated groups at the maximum value of the CR during the acquisition ... response as a measure of the sub- lethal effects of chemicals on honey bees can be a reliable indicator of the hazards associated with the exposure...

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... Ͻ0 .65 NA 10. 26 1.28 2 3 96. 79 6. 66 99.19 25 .64 4 .61 0 .66 2.93 0.94 11.19 1. 36 3 401.95 6. 75 108.93 28. 36 4 .69 0 .68 2.71 0.72 10.71 1.30 4 407 .69 6. 85 114.74 29.30 5.27 0.75 2.95 0 .67 11. 26 1. 36 5 ... site [32]. These studies indicated that the only major source of cobalt- 56, cobalt -6 0 , manganese-54, sodium-22, and tung- sten-181 near the study site was the...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:22

... kg Ϫ1 02. 96 03. 96 04. 96 05. 96 06. 96 07. 96 08. 96 09. 96 10. 96 11. 96 12. 96 01.97 02.97 03.97 04.97 Figure 10.4 Activities of 137 Cs in monthly samples of the top of the branch shoots and 1-year-old branch segments, ... 113.0 Rb 76. 5–177.3 123.9Ϯ 33.0 124.7–177.3 150.7Ϯ18 .6 76. 5–109.8 97.1Ϯ 12.3 Ca 1400–50400 1 160 0Ϯnd 65 50–50400 20550Ϯ 166 50 1400–4100 265...

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... accounts for 56. 86 percent of the total inertia of the system, emphasizes the fact that the presence of cobalt (Co) in the honey samples is correlated with that of molybdenum (Mo). Of the 46 samples ... 0.11 Ͻld Ͻld 0 .68 6. 06 0.12 Ͻld 55.39 9.49 0.45 0.75 62 Ͻld 9.08 Ͻld Ͻld Ͻld 0. 86 4.38 0. 16 Ͻld 44.17 6. 90 Ͻld 0. 26 63 Ͻld 26. 91 Ͻld Ͻld Ͻld 1.77 9.07...

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... 19 96 of lepidopteran-insect-resistant cotton in the USA [7]. The expression of an insecticidal protein in plants presents many advan- tages over the exogenous application of chemicals. The “toxin,” ... 9C), and the promoter associ- ated with the coding sequence (which affects the quantity and location of the Cry protein). In 1999, 30 percent of the cultivated ar...

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... conclusion, there are two possibilities to avoid risk for honey bees: the nonexpression of the toxin in the tissues bees feed on, or the innocu- ousness of the toxin for bees. The risk assessment of the ... investigated such as the location of the bee on the plant (flowers or green parts, rank from the top of the flower visited on the plant), or the typ...

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... relatively unchanged through the mid- and late 1990s. The second half of the chapter begins the effort of disaggregating environmental aid.’ We first track project funding for international and local environmental ... focused on likely environmental impact, rather than other positive or negative development impacts on the recipient country. The second guideline address...

Ngày tải lên: 11/06/2014, 00:10