Radiation Risks in Perspective - Chapter 7 doc

... perfect, radiation 79 77_ C0 07. fm Page 144 Tuesday, September 12, 2006 3:54 PM © 20 07 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC natural background radiation levels (Table 7. 2). 136 Radiation Risks in Perspective ... a single number for risk-management purposes. The International Com- mission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) introduced a risk-based system in 1 977 as a solu...

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... acid-free paper 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 International Standard Book Number-10: 0-8 49 3 -7 97 7- 6 (Hardcover) International Standard Book Number-13: 97 8-0 -8 49 3 -7 97 7- 2 (Hardcover) is book contains information ... explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging -in- Publication Data Mossman, Kenneth L., 194 6- Radiation risks in perspective...

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... in greater detail in Chapter 7. 52 Radiation Risks in Perspective The multifactorial nature of carcinogenesis suggests that LNT may be too sim- plistic. Cancer is more than damage to individual ... illustrates the problems in interpreting risks based on extrapolating to very small doses using the LNT theory. 79 77_ C003.fm Page 55 Thursday, September 14, 2006 2:39 P...

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... pieces of information be known about the risk: the 79 77_ C004.fm Page 65 Thursday, September 14, 2006 2:40 PM © 20 07 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 74 Radiation Risks in Perspective In situation ... decision- making process. How can the effectiveness of a particular risk-management strategy be evaluated when diminution in risk cannot be measured? Large uncertainties...

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... particularly in developed countries, are increasingly interested in more actively participating in the processes of decision making regarding health, safety, and environmental issues. Decision making, ... LLC 120 Radiation Risks in Perspective social and other nontechnical perspectives in the decision-making process. The integ- rity and credibility of the decision-making p...

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... the time of testing, and length of the testing period. Basement readings are higher than readings on upper floors; readings tend to be higher in winter than in summer; long-term readings are more ... National Cancer Institute, 89, 49, 19 97. ) 79 77_ C008.fm Page 155 Thursday, September 14, 2006 2:44 PM © 20 07 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 154 Radiation Risks in Persp...

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... A process of analyzing, selecting, implementing, communi- cating, and evaluating strategies to reduce risks. 79 77_ C011.fm Page 195 Thursday, August 31, 2006 10:18 AM © 20 07 by Taylor & ... Natural background radiation Radiation from natural sources including cos- mic radiation from outer space, terrestrial radiation from naturally occur- ring radionuclides in the earth...

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... metolachlor (2-chloro-N-[2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl]-N-[2-methoxy- 1-methylethyl]acetamide) is metabolized by bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macro- chirus) by reactions involving initially O-demethylation ... and maintenance of plants in PAH- contaminated soils. 7. 4 Test Systems: Several Organisms 7. 4.1 Introduction The relevance of tests using single species for evaluating the effects of xeno- b...

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... S S ,NH 4 + ,NO 3 - )involvedinthebiologicalreactions. Equation7.18isobtainedfromamassbalanceofsubstance i for a slice of granule in the mth size fraction: 53 671 _C0 07. indd 126 10/29/ 07 7:18:35 AM © ... surface loading-dependent(Trinetetal.1991).Infact,microbialsurfacegrowthrateandbio- degradationrateofaerobicgranulesarefairlyrelatedtothesubstratesurfaceloading, 53 671 _C0 07. ind...

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... baseline period of 196 1-1 990 over the Indian subcontinent. The projected area-averaged annual M. LAL 165 -1 9 15 -1 5 -6 -1 6 -1 3 11 -9 -1 8 17 15 -1 2 -3 12 32 15 37 44 83 -6 -1 0 -1 2 20 45 -9 -1 2 -2 1 24 14 7 -1 1 25 42 2 -2 5 -1 5 -2 5 21 -2 8 6 -4 0 -2 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Punjab ... for rainwater harvesting c...

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