Cephalometry A Color Atlas and Manual - part 5 docx

... K.C.) CHAPTER 4 174 3-D Cephalometric Hard Tissue Landmarks 4.2 Set-up of 3-D Cephalometric Hard Tissue Landmarks Fig. 4.1 35 a d. Set-up of 3-D cephalometric hard tissue landmarks.(3-D CT, patient ... to amalgam artefacts, definition of Zygion r and Zygion l land- marks is not possible on the exocranial skull base view (3-D CT,patient A. G.) CHAPTER 4 152 3-D Cephalometric Hard Tissue...

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... (patient K.C.) CHAPTER 2 28 Basic Craniofacial Anatomical Outlines Skull – Paramedian Sagittal View Fig. 2.8. a Paramedian view of the skull with the mandible and calvaria removed (adult cadaver ... permanent teeth ab Fig. 2. 15. a The skull of a 6-year-old child: right lateral view (cadaver skull).b The skull of a 6-year-old child: right lateral view (3-D CT,cadaver skull) ab CHAPT...

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... facial soft tissue units (forehead, nasal, periorbital, midface and mandible) are described in detail. Additionally, ear- and head- related landmarks are listed at the end of the chapter because ... set-up of a 3-D cephalometric reference system (Chap. 3) and the automatic genera- tion of measurements (Chap. 7). The important dis- advantages of spiral-CT based 3-D cephalometry are t...

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... mandibular vertical ra- mus and gonial angle by unilateral DO was planned virtually and performed via an intra-oral approach. The 3-D virtual scene approach allowed definition of the ideal position and ... CHAPTER 9 322 Clinical Applications Case 2 H.T. was a 5- year-old boy with left hemifacial microso- mia (Goldenhar variant) (Pruzansky class IIb). He had a hypoplastic mandibular...

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... 2-D cephalometry, virtual 2-D cephalograms are generated and co-visualized with the 3-D data, taking into ac- count the geometrical relationships. In this way ,a com- bined 2-D and 3-D approach ... landmarks whose accuracy and reliability has been statistically validated are described in detail; additional landmarks are mentioned. To en- sure uniformity, internationally accepted landm...

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... ex- cluded and only angular and proportional measure- ments are employed. Spiral CT-based 3-D cephalometry using standard- ized CT scanning protocols (Chap. 1) has the great ad- vantage that all measurements ... generation of virtual cephalograms, easy and accurate location of the Sella and Nasion landmarks, subsequently automatic definition of a horizontal plane according to Proffi...

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... anteri- or cranial base (S-N) plane is automatically computed. Virtual Definition of the Anterior Cranial Base (S-N) Plane The anterior cranial base (S-N) plane is a plane that passes the Nasion and ... Sella landmarks and is perpen- dicular to the virtual lateral cephalogram (Fig. 3.27). Fig. 3.27. Anterior cranial base (S-N) plane.Virtual lateral cephalogram linked to the 3-D hard ti...

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... ap- proach presents several advantages. It allows automat- ic generation of a huge amount of real-size cephalo- metric data that are immediately available for clinical decision making or statistical ... Sella, Nasion and Menton landmarks define the facial midplane (linked virtual lateral and frontal cephalograms, patient K.C.) Figs. 6.30, 6.31. Sella, Nasion and Menton landmarks defin...

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... distance n-obi l Left lower naso-aural distance sn-obs r Right upper subnasale-aural distance sn-obs l Left upper subnasale-aural distance sn-obi r Right lower subnasale-aural distance sn-obi l Left ... subnasale-aural distance gn-obs r Right upper gnathion-aural distance gn-obs l Left upper gnathion-aural distance gn-obi r Right lower gnathion-aural distance gn-obi l Left lower gnathion-aura...

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... 16, 44, 53 , 55 , 57 , 73, 75 Mandibular angle 14, 16 Mandibular body 45 Mandibular canal 44, 45, 49, 51 , 53 , 55 , 69, 71, 73 Mandibular fossa 20, 75 Mandibular length, total 249 Mandibular plane 236, ... normal and operated cleft lip patients. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 1999; 27:34 5- 3 53 Yamamoto K,Toshimitsu A, Mikami T, Hayashi S, Harada R, Nakamura S. Optical measurement...

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