Mercury Hazards to Living Organisms - Chapter 13 (end) pps

... LLC 294 MERCURY HAZARDS TO LIVING ORGANISMS especially methylmercury, are always more toxic than inorganic mercury compounds. Numerous biological and abiotic factors modify the toxicity of mercury ... inorganic mercury poisoning, and mercury- protectant drugs — including thiamin, selenium-, sulfur-, tellurium-, and other Group VI derivatives — to guard against organo- mercu...

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... — mainly in the form of mercury vapor — and deposition of mercury back onto land and water. Oceanic effluxes of mercury are tied to equatorial upwelling and phytoplankton activity and may significantly ... of mercury is proportional to primary production in the world’s oceans, oceanic phytoplankton activity represents about 36.0% of the yearly mercury flow to the atmo- sphere, o...

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... Group, LLC 28 MERCURY HAZARDS TO LIVING ORGANISMS later in Chapter 6 and Chapter 12. At this time, however, many authorities argue that mercury sele- nium interactions are the key to methylmercury ... microorganisms are able to convert inorganic and organic forms of mercury into the highly toxic methylmercury or dimethylmercury has made it clear that any form of mercury...

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... developing brain to methylmercury is due to placental transfer of lipophilic methylmercury to the central nervous system © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 40 MERCURY HAZARDS TO LIVING ORGANISMS (CNS) ... LLC 38 MERCURY HAZARDS TO LIVING ORGANISMS Inhaled mercury vapor (Hg o ) is readily oxidized via the catalase–H 2 O 2 complex and converted to Hg 2+ , m...

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... rates of mercury from sludge-amended soils into grains and animal forage, and need to be modified (Granato et al., 1995). © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 56 MERCURY HAZARDS TO LIVING ORGANISMS total ... 48 MERCURY HAZARDS TO LIVING ORGANISMS © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Table 5.1 Contributions to Atmospheric Mercury from Natural and Anthropoge...

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... 2005. 86 MERCURY HAZARDS TO LIVING ORGANISMS fish were due to bacterial methylation of naturally occurring mercury in the flooded soils (Bodaly et al., 1984). Methylation and transfer of methylmercury ... specimens of long-lived predatory fishes, marine mammals (especially pinnipeds), and organisms living near natural mercury- ore-cinnabar deposits. In general, concentrations...

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... freshwater fish: Total mercury 2.82 FW 21 Methylmercury 1.69 FW 21 Diet (tuna fish) Muscle; total mercury vs. methylmercury 0.28 FW vs. 0.14 FW 21 Liver; total mercury vs. methylmercury 0.43 FW ... expected, organo- mercurial content was inversely related to total mercury content; thus, seal liver containing 174.0 mg total Hg/kg FW contained 1.2% organomercury, seal kidney with 6.4 mg...

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... 168 MERCURY HAZARDS TO LIVING ORGANISMS REFERENCES Abbasi, S.A. and R. Soni. 1983. Stress-induced enhancement of reproduction in earthworms Octochaetus pattoni exposed to chromium (VI) and mercury ... immediately prior to death were 26.8–30.3 mg/L 6 © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 160 MERCURY HAZARDS TO LIVING ORGANISMS ciliate protozoan, Uronema nigricans...

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... victim autopsied 26 years postexposure vs. control: Liver: Total mercury 0.54 FW vs. 0.64 FW 15, 16 Methylmercury 0.04 FW vs. 0.07 FW 15, 16 (continued) 220 MERCURY HAZARDS TO LIVING ORGANISMS 67.2 ... 52.0 mg total Hg/kg) mercury concentrations. The mercury- resistant Pseudomonas strains, when compared to Bacillus strains, were more resistant to inorganic mercury, met...

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... anthropogenic total mercury emissions range from 2000 to 4000 metric tons per year, of which 460 tons are from small-scale gold mining (Porcella et al., 1995, 1997). Major contributors of mercury to the ... LLC CASE HISTORIES: MERCURY HAZARDS FROM GOLD MINING 243 to the atmosphere is the major pathway of mercury release to the environment, with the gold mining industry accou...

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