TOXICOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY - CHAPTER 14 pps

... both their uses and their toxic effects. 8 As shown for ethylene oxide (1,2-epoxyethane) in reactions 14. 2.5 and 14. 2.6 and propylene oxide (1,2-epoxypro- Table 14. 2 Properties ... butyl alcohols Figure 14. 3 Major phenolic compounds. OH CH 3 OH CH 3 OH OH CH 3 OH Phenol o-Cresol m-Cresol p-Cresol 2-Naphthol + H 2 O + OH - O - OH L1618Ch14Frame Pa...

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... ||||| ). C N C C C N O O H H H H CH 3 C N C C C N O O H H H N C C C N C N C N H H H NH 2 N C C C N C N C NH H O H 2 N H CC C C CH 2 HO H H HO H OH OH H O CC C C CH 2 HO H H HO H H OH H O P O - O - - O O Occur in both DNA and RNA Uracil (U) Thymine (T) Adenine (A) Guanine(G) Phosphate 2-Deoxy-β-D- ribofuranose C N C C C N NH 2 O HH H H Cytosine (C) β-D-Ribofuranose Occur ... Medic...

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... substances and their metabolites react biochemically in an organism to exert a toxic effect. Chapter 7 is devoted to defining and explaining toxicological chemistry, and Chapters 10–19 cover the toxicological ... . 6.1.5 Toxicological Chemistry Toxicological chemistry relates chemistry to toxicology. It deals with the chemical nature of toxic substances, how they are...

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... phosphorylation. C CPO 3 CO H HHO H H O C CPO 3 CO PO 3 HHO H H O O C CPO 3 CO AsO 3 HHO H H O O 2- 2- 2- 2- 3- Phosphate Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate Additional processes leading to ATP formation 3- Arsenite (AsO 3 ) 1-arseno- 3- phosophoglycerate Spontaneous ... element? SS Cd H + S H + S H Cd 2+ + C CPO 3 CO H HHO H H O C CPO 3 CO PO 3 HHO H H O O C CPO 3 CO AsO 3 HHO...

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... As OH O OH NO 2 3-Nitro-4-hydroxyphenyl- arsinic acid (Roxarsone) HO As OH O H H CNH 2 O N-carbamoylarsinic acid (Carbarsone) N N N SCH H H As OHHO O H 2-Methylthio- 4-( 2'-phenylarsenic acid )- aminopyrimidine L1618Ch12Frame ... compounds found in seaweed and in sheep feeding on the seaweed. β-D-Ribofuranoside, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl 5-deoxy- 5-( dimethylarsinyl) (an arsenosugar)...

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... are only three major ones: trans - 2-butene-1-thiol, trans -2 -butenyl-1-thioacetate, and 3-methyl-1-butanethiol 5 : 17.2.5 Carbon Disulfide and Carbon Oxysulfide Carbon disulfide ... beverages. HCCCCSSCCCCH HHHH HHHH HHHH HHHH SS n-Butyldisulfide Diphenyldisulfide Trans -2 -butene-1-thiol C H H H H H CC HS H H C C H H H H H CC S H H CC O C H H H Trans -2 -buten...

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... of environmental chemistry. Chapter 3, Biochemistry, ” gives the fundamentals of the chemistry of life processes essential to understanding toxicological chemistry and biochemistry. Chapter 4, “Metabolic ... 100 known elements which may be found in any Figure 1.2 Atoms of carbon and nitrogen. - - - - - - - - - - An atom of carbon, symbol...

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... C O O - CHH C O O - CHH CO - O CC O O - CHH C O O - CH CO - O H HO C C CO - O HH O O - O C HHC Citrate Isocitrate α-Ketoglutarate C C S HH O O - O C HHC CoA CHH O - O C HHC C O O - C O - O C C C O O - H H C O - O C C C O O - H HH OH C O - O C C C O O - O HH Oxaloacetate Malate Fumarate ... with acetyl-CoA from glycolysis to s...

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... benzo(a)pyrene 7, 8- diol-9,10-epoxide. Benzo(a)pyrene {O}, epoxidation O Benzo(a)pyrene 7,8-epoxide + H 2 O, epoxide hydrolase HO HO Benzo(a)pyrene 7,8-diol benzo(a)pyrene 7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide HO HO O {O}, ... DNA N C N C C C N N CH H O H 2 N N C N C C C N N CH H O H 2 N CH 3 CH 3 Dimethylnitros- 3,3-Dimethyl- 1- 1,2-Dimethylhydra- Methylmethane- ONN CH 3 CH 3 NN HH H 3 CCH 3 CH 3 S O...

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... facile detection of β -galactosidase activity. This is accomplished with the chromogenic substrate 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indoyl- β -D-galactopyrano- side, which is metabolized by β -galactosidase to ... Zetterqulist, H., and Olerup, O., HLA-DR, -DQ, and -DP alleles in nickel, chromium and/ or cobalt-sensitive individuals: genomic analysis based on restriction fragment length polymor- phis...

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