TOXICOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY - CHAPTER 7 pptx

... benzo(a)pyrene 7, 8- diol-9,10-epoxide. Benzo(a)pyrene {O}, epoxidation O Benzo(a)pyrene 7, 8-epoxide + H 2 O, epoxide hydrolase HO HO Benzo(a)pyrene 7, 8-diol benzo(a)pyrene 7, 8-diol-9,10-epoxide HO HO O {O}, ... In L1618Ch07Frame Page 1 57 Tuesday, August 13, 2002 5:50 PM Copyright © 2003 by CRC Press LLC C HAPTER 7 Toxicological Chemistry 7. 1 INTRODUCTION As define...

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... of a six-membered ring. The most important derivatives of pyridine are the mono-, di-, and trimethyl derivatives; the 2-vinyl and 4-vinyl derivatives; 5-ethyl-2-methylpyridine (MEP); and piperidine, also ... N H H Glucuronide CCH 3 N H O OH N H CCH 3 N H S O O HO O CCH 3 N H O p-Aminophenol Phenyl N- hydroxylamine N-acetyl metabolite N-acetyl- p-glucuronide metabolite N-acetyl- p-sulfat...

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... Cataloging-in-Publication Data Manahan, Stanley E. Toxicological chemistry and biochemistry / by Stanley E. Manahan 3rd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-5 6 67 0-6 1 8-1 1. ... elements. 2 He 4.003 4 Be 9.012 7 N 14.01 8 O 16.00 9 F 19.00 10 Ne 20.18 11 Na 22.99 12 Mg 24.3 13 Al 26.98 14 Si 28.09 15 P 30. 97 16 S 32. 07 17 Cl 35.45 18 A...

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... ||||| ). C N C C C N O O H H H H CH 3 C N C C C N O O H H H N C C C N C N C N H H H NH 2 N C C C N C N C NH H O H 2 N H CC C C CH 2 HO H H HO H OH OH H O CC C C CH 2 HO H H HO H H OH H O P O - O - - O O Occur in both DNA and RNA Uracil (U) Thymine (T) Adenine (A) Guanine(G) Phosphate 2-Deoxy-β-D- ribofuranose C N C C C N NH 2 O HH H H Cytosine (C) β-D-Ribofuranose Occur ... Medic...

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... C O O - CHH C O O - CHH CO - O CC O O - CHH C O O - CH CO - O H HO C C CO - O HH O O - O C HHC Citrate Isocitrate α-Ketoglutarate C C S HH O O - O C HHC CoA CHH O - O C HHC C O O - C O - O C C C O O - H H C O - O C C C O O - H HH OH C O - O C C C O O - O HH Oxaloacetate Malate Fumarate ... with acetyl-CoA from glycolysis to s...

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... substances and their metabolites react biochemically in an organism to exert a toxic effect. Chapter 7 is devoted to defining and explaining toxicological chemistry, and Chapters 10–19 cover the toxicological ... . 6.1.5 Toxicological Chemistry Toxicological chemistry relates chemistry to toxicology. It deals with the chemical nature of toxic substances, how they ar...

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... facile detection of β -galactosidase activity. This is accomplished with the chromogenic substrate 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indoyl- β -D-galactopyrano- side, which is metabolized by β -galactosidase to ... mutagenicity assay, Mutat. Res., 455, 71 –80, 2000. 4. Emtestam, L., Zetterqulist, H., and Olerup, O., HLA-DR, -DQ, and -DP alleles in nickel, chromium and/ or cobalt-sensitive individual...

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... element? SS Cd H + S H + S H Cd 2+ + C CPO 3 CO H HHO H H O C CPO 3 CO PO 3 HHO H H O O C CPO 3 CO AsO 3 HHO H H O O 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 3 - Phosphate Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate 3 - Arsenite (AsO 3 ) Spontaneous hydrolysis + CC OH H NH 3 C H H O OCC H H ALA ... (10.6.1) Figure 10 .7 Interference of arsenic(III) with ATP production by phosphorylation. C CPO 3 CO H HHO H H...

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... gases, 3.5 g/l for HBr and 5 .7 g/l for HI at 0°C and atmospheric pressure. These compounds are used much less than HCl. Both are irritants to the skin and eyes and to the oral and respiratory mucous ... human blood and on rodents suggest that ClO 2 and its metabolic product ClO 2 – cause formation of methemoglobin, decrease the activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydro- genas...

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... As OH O OH NO 2 3-Nitro-4-hydroxyphenyl- arsinic acid (Roxarsone) HO As OH O H H CNH 2 O N-carbamoylarsinic acid (Carbarsone) N N N SCH H H As OHHO O H 2-Methylthio- 4-( 2'-phenylarsenic acid )- aminopyrimidine L1618Ch12Frame ... jaundice and encephalitis (brain inflammation). Figure 12.8 Examples of organoarsenic compounds found in seaweed and in sheep feeding on the seaweed. β-...

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