... per year with the annual in-
cidence of AMI at 865 ,000. Total-mention mortal-
ity due to coronary heart disease is 65 3,000 per year,
making coronary heart disease the largest killer of
Americans ... result of emerging knowl-
edge, new procedures, and technical advances. This
article addresses the pathophysiology, the treat-
ment options, and their rationale in the s...
... changes on the understand-
ing and refinement of the therapeutic orchestra
available for patients in the advanced phase of
heart failure have occurred, specifically with the
introduction of highly ... collagen in idio-
pathic dilated cardiomyopathy: role of metallopro-
teinases and pyridinoline cross links. Am J Pathol
19 96; 148: 163 9–48.
[121] Spinale FG, Coker ML,...
... disease of the elderly, and the prevalence of
chronic heart failure increases with advancing age.
Currently, chronic heart failure is the most
common hospital discharge diagnosis in patients
over the ... shortage
of donor hearts. Currently, the mainstay of heart
failure treatment is pharmacologic and includes
angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angio-
ten...
... there is a change
in clinical status. However patients who have bio-
prosthetic valves may be considered for annual
echocardiography after the first 5 years in the ab-
sence of a change in clinical ... prosthetic valve depends upon the type,
size, and position of the prosthesis as well as the
cardiac output; guidelines are available for the ac-
ceptable range of Doppler...
... the event of spontaneous or inducible ventricu-
lar tachycardia, cryotherapy was also applied to
the edges of the resection (50% of cases). Between
development of the surgical principles in 1984 ... mm Hg [53]. One third of the cases had mitral
regurgitation requiring repair. A balloon in ated
to the theoretic diastolic capacity of the patient
14 9SURGERY FOR HE...