WETLAND PLANTS: BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY - CHAPTER 7 ppt

... Virginia. Beaver-created wetlands often have stand- ing dead trees, members of the pre-flooding plant community. (Photo by H. Crowell.) L1 372 - Chapter 7 04/19/2001 9:00 AM Page 272 © 2001 by CRC ... the lower right-hand corner of each drawing. (From Redfield, A.C. 1 972 . Ecological Monographs 42: 201–2 37. Reprinted with permission.) L1 372 - Chapter 7 04/19/2001 9:00 AM...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... terrain and dis- places more beneficial plants. It has little wildlife value and many wildlife and wetland managers in the U.S. strive to control it (Wijte and Gallagher 1996a, b). L1 372 - Chapter ... example, the islands of New Zealand have received 42 wetland plant species and they have exported only one (Cook 1985). Exotics amount to about 20% of New Zealand’s wetland...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... combinations (Finlayson and Von Oertzen 1993). 2. Inland Forested Wetlands Inland forested wetlands are referred to as either basin wetlands or riverine wetlands, according to their location in the landscape and ... Fish and Wildlife Classification of Wetlands For the purpose of wetland and deepwater habitat classification, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Cowardin et al. 1 97...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... water, and pre- cipitation determine the type of wetland that will form. (From Brinson, M.M. 1993b. Wetlands 13: 65 74 . Reprinted with permission.) L1 372 - Chapter 3 04/25/2001 9:33 AM Page 73 © ... inland wetlands L1 372 - Chapter 3 04/25/2001 9:33 AM Page 62 © 2001 by CRC Press LLC The data summarized in their review show that stillwater forested wetlands averaged 70 7...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... (McManmon and Crawford 1 971 ), and some studies have shown that flooded plants do accumulate malate (Crawford and Tyler 1969; Linhart and Baker 1 973 ; Keeley 1 979 ; Rumpho and Kennedy 1981; Ap Rees and ... tissues. Both dissected and ribbon-like leaves offer little resis- tance to currents and can trail freely in water (Sculthorpe 19 67) . L1 372 - Chapter 4 04/25/200...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... by wet- land plants may be carried out of the wetland into downstream waters where it is broken down and consumed. The plant matter produced in wetlands is vital both within the wet- land and downstream. ... O 2 m -2 d -1 . The diurnal method has been applied to many wetland and shallow aquatic systems, such as Narragansett Bay in Rhode Island (Nixon and Oviatt 1 973 ), t...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... the wetland (we include enhanced wetlands in restored wetlands) Created A new wetland, made on a site where there were not wetlands in the past Mitigation Wetlands constructed to replace wetlands ... range between 0.1 and 4 .7 g N m -2 yr -1 and between 0.005 and 0.22 g P m -2 yr -1 in moderate to cold climates, and up to 10.0 g N m -2 yr -1 and 0.5 g P m...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... (mg/g) (mg/g) Wetland A 18 56.6 72 .9 19.8 11.8 Wetland B 18.5 55 .7 72.5 21.1 16 Wetland C 22.6 18.3 66.6 4.6 2.5 Wetland D 27 14.8 65 26.8 16.9 Bush and Fennessy, unpublished data. L1 372 - Chapter ... (transition zone), and the upland. The vegetation of the transi- tion zone contains species common to both the wetland and adjacent upland. B. Wetland Boundaries...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... "Þvðx þ "; t Þ (7: 82) (c) Now Taylor expand Eqs. (7. 81) and (7. 82) to first order in Dt and to second order in " and compare those results with the backward and forward equations that ... paths to get directly to Eq. (7. 87) (hint: to survive from t to T, the individual must first survive from t to t þdt and then from t þdt to T). Equations (7. 83 )and( 7. 87) ar...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... Net Present Value and Internal Rate of Return 123 normally distributed random variables with means and standard deviations given in columns F and G. The values in cells I9:I18 and I22:I31 are the ... a multiplicative random walk, and correlate the inputs for each year. Figure 7. 12 shows the five stochastic inputs and their base-case values in cells A4:B8. However, we will introdu...

Ngày tải lên: 05/07/2014, 18:20