WETLAND PLANTS: BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY - CHAPTER 6 doc

... by wet- land plants may be carried out of the wetland into downstream waters where it is broken down and consumed. The plant matter produced in wetlands is vital both within the wet- land and downstream. ... sometimes by several- fold, has been confirmed in many studies (Wiegert and Evans 1 964 ; Wetzel 1 966 ; Valiela et al. 1975; Bradbury and Hofstra 19 76; Kirby and Gosselink 1...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... (mg/g) (mg/g) Wetland A 18 56. 6 72.9 19.8 11.8 Wetland B 18.5 55.7 72.5 21.1 16 Wetland C 22 .6 18.3 66 .6 4 .6 2.5 Wetland D 27 14.8 65 26. 8 16. 9 Bush and Fennessy, unpublished data. L1372 - Chapter ... Occurrence Wetland Indicator Status in Wetlands (%) in Non-Wetlands (%) Weight a Obligate wetland (OBL) >99 <1 1 Facultative wetland (FACW) 67 –99 1–33 2...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... combinations (Finlayson and Von Oertzen 1993). 2. Inland Forested Wetlands Inland forested wetlands are referred to as either basin wetlands or riverine wetlands, according to their location in the landscape and ... five wetland classes and 70 wetland forms, half of which are types of northern peatlands. Indonesia has classified wetlands into six mangrove forest types and eight f...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... weight m -2 yr -1 ; systems with sluggish flows averaged 1090 g dry weight m -2 yr -1 , and flowing water wetlands (excluding data on shrub wetlands) averaged 1498 g dry weight m -2 yr -1 . In another ... type and hydroperiod for inland wetlands. He organized inland wetlands into four community types defined by the length of time they are flooded each year: • Fore...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... emergent and submerged conditions in two different lakes. (From Cook, S.A. and Johnson, M.P. 1 968 . Evolution 22: 4 96 5 16. Reprinted with permission.) L1372 - Chapter 4 04/25/2001 9: 36 AM Page ... FIGURE 4. 16 Salt glands in mangroves. A and B are Aegialitis annu- lata, C and D are Aegiceras corniculata, E and F are Acanthus ilicifolius, G and H are Avicennia marina. A...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... explanation of the 12 life history types (i.e., AD-I, AS- I, etc.). (Redrawn from van der Valk, A.G. 1981. Ecology 62 : 68 8 69 6. With permission.) L1372 - Chapter 7 04/19/2001 9:00 AM Page 249 © 2001 ... the 1 960 s and 1970s, the growth and abundance of submerged plants in FIGURE 7.14 A beaver impoundment in Virginia. Beaver-created wetlands often have stand- ing dead trees,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... terrain and dis- places more beneficial plants. It has little wildlife value and many wildlife and wetland managers in the U.S. strive to control it (Wijte and Gallagher 1996a, b). L1372 - Chapter ... example, the islands of New Zealand have received 42 wetland plant species and they have exported only one (Cook 1985). Exotics amount to about 20% of New Zealand’s wetland...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... the wetland (we include enhanced wetlands in restored wetlands) Created A new wetland, made on a site where there were not wetlands in the past Mitigation Wetlands constructed to replace wetlands ... range between 0.1 and 4.7 g N m -2 yr -1 and between 0.005 and 0.22 g P m -2 yr -1 in moderate to cold climates, and up to 10.0 g N m -2 yr -1 and 0.5 g P m...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 09:21

... herbivory and as alternative hypotheses in ex- periments (e.g.,Distelet al. 1995;Focardi and Marcellini1995; Forchhammer and Boomsma 1995; Farnsworth and Illius 19 96, 1998; Van Wieren 19 96; Torres and ... for the field. In The Ecology and Management of Grazing Systems, edited by J. Hodgson and A. W. Illius (19 96) , chapters 5 (Laca and Demment),

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... 125 6. 2 Materials and Methods 1 26 6.2.1 Materials 1 26 6.2.2 Forces of Flower-Visiting Bees 127 6. 2.3 Force Measurements on Salvia Flowers and Staminal Levers 132 6. 3 Results 134 6. 3.1 Forces ... B. terrestris and A. mellifera 134 6. 3.2 Forces and Flower Visitors of Salvia 134 6. 4 Discussion 1 36 6.4.1 Insect Forces 1 36 6.4.2 Observed Flower Vis...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 20:20