... A, Yamada R, Chang X, Tokuhiro S, Sawada T, Suzuki M,Nagasaki M, Nakayama-Hamada M, Kawaida R, Ono M, et al.:Functional haplotypes of PADI4, encoding citrullinatingenzyme peptidylarginine ... antigen-presenting and antigen-priming roles in the initiation of RA and atherosclerosis, as well asproinflammatory roles in RA and atherosclerosis. Varioussignals that promote the activation of NF-κB and the secretion ... betamay play a role in the maintaining DC in an immature state or in the upregulation of CD 1a expression [97].DC and macrophages contribute very early in the develop-ment of autoimmune inflammatory...