Fundamentals of Polymer Engineering Part 10 docx

... value of De or, equivalently, of the interaction parameter is needed to assure polymer polymer miscibility. Example 9.4: If the 1 g of polymer of Example 9.1 is diss olved in 9 g of a different polymer ... and composed of a series of segments the size of a solvent molecule. The number of segments in each polymer molecule is m, which equals V 2 =V 1 ,the ratio of th...

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... A., and D. H. Sebastian, Principles of Polymerization Engineering, Wiley, New York, 1983. 4. Kumar, A., and S. K. Gupta, Fundamentals of Polymer Science and Engineering, Tata McGraw-Hill, New ... Experimental Validation of Reversible Polymerization, Ph.D. thesis, Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India, 1988. Step-Growth Polymerizati...

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... ! ð13:6:9Þ where E¼molarenergyneededtoovercomeattractiveforces x¼ratioofcriticalvolumeofsolventtothatofpolymersegment ^ VV 0 1 ð0Þ¼occupiedvolumepergramofsolvent ^ VV 0 2 ð0Þ¼occupiedvolumepergramofpolymer ^ VV FH ¼holefreevolumepergramofmixture g;D 0 ¼constant Finally,followingBearman[57],Dudaetal.[58]haveshownthatwhenthe self-diffusioncoefficientofthesolventgreatlyexceedsthatofthepolymer(thi...

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... Inc. 6.4RecyclingandDegradationofPolymers285 6.5Conclusion287 Appendix6.1:SolutionofEquationsDescribing IsothermalRadicalPolymerization287 References293 Problems294 7.EmulsionPolymerization299 7.1Introduction299 7.2AqueousEmulsifierSolutions300 7.3SmithandEwartTheoryforStateIIofEmulsion Polymerization304 7.4EstimationoftheTotalNumberofParticles,N t 313 7.5MonomerConcentrationinPolymerParticles...

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... molecular structure of the graft copolymer and the number of grafts formed. In addition, the length of the graft may vary, and the graft copolymer often carries a fair amount of homopolymer. The ‘‘graft-onto’’ ... classification of polymers is based on molecular structure. According to this system, the polymer could be one of the following: 1. Linear-chain polymer 2. Branched-c...

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... Inc. higherthehardnessandmodulus.Anotherfactorthatplaysamajorrolein determiningthefinalpropertyofthepolymeristhechemicalnatureofthe surface.Mineralfillerssuchascalciumcarbonateandtitaniumdioxidepowder oftenhavepolarfunctionalgroups(e.g.,hydroxylgroups)onthesurface.To improvethewettingproperties,theyaresometimestreatedwithachemicalcalled acouplingagent. Couplingagentsarechemicalsthatareusedtotre...

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... 0, p 1 ¼ p 10 ; ð4:2:8aÞ p n ¼ 0 for n  2 ð4:2:8bÞ then l 1 ¼ l 10 ¼ p 10 ð4:2:9aÞ l 00 ¼ p 10 ð4:2:9bÞ We propose that the MWD of the polymer is of the form p n ¼ xðtÞyðtÞ n1 ð4:2 :10 where ... application of a vacuum in order to obtain a polymer Reaction Engineering of Step-Growth Polymerization 169 Copyright © 2003 Marcel Dekker, Inc. The total pressure P T is then...

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... polymerization. Thus, polymer radicals lie only within these polymer particles. The total number of polymer particles per unit volume of emulsion in the second stage of the emulsion polymerization is ... net effect of polymerization in stage II is the growth of polymer particles. If Eqs. (7.6.14a) and (7.6.14b) are divided, we get the average chain length of the polymer...

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... (cm of solvent at 25  C) 50,000 7:8 Â 10 À4 8:5 Â 10 À4 5.8 100 ,000 3:9 Â 10 À4 4:25 Â 10 À4 2.9 500,000 7:8 Â 10 À5 8:5 Â 10 À5 0.58 5,000,000 7:8 Â 10 À6 8:5 Â 10 À6 0.058 Measurement of Molecular ... Inc. alkali.Ifablanksolutionofthebenzylalcoholpluschloroformrequired5mLof thebase,howmanycarboxylendgroupswerecontainedinthepolymersample? Solution:Because30mLof0 .105 g...

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