A Methodology for the Health Sciences - part 6 potx
A Methodology for the Health Sciences - part 6 potx
... into halves at random. One can estimate the
parameters from one-half of the data and then predict the values for the remaining unused half
of the data. The evaluation of the fit can be performed ... nonsignificant, we may accept the quadratic equation as appropriate.
Figure 11.5 is a scatter diagram of the data as well as the linear and quadratic curves. Note
that the...
A Methodology for the Health Sciences - part 7 potx
... investigations may take a long time and therefore where it is
desirable to aim at drawing reasonably firm conclusions from the same data as used in exploratory
analysis.
What statistical approaches and principles ... with
such analyses are data driven and subgroup analysis. Aside from the assignment of appropriate
p-values, there is the more important question of the scientific status...
A Methodology for the Health Sciences - part 1 doc
... distinguish between a variable and the value of a variable in the same way that the label
“title of a book in the library” is distinguished from the title Gray’s Anatomy. A variable will
usually be represented ... 151–180. Math-
ematically, the ERFD and the ECD are equivalent.
Ad majorem Dei gloriam
viii CONTENTS
15. Rates and Proportions 64 0
16. Analysis of the Tim...
A Methodology for the Health Sciences - part 2 pptx
... statistically independent random variables, then for any two
constants a
1
and a
2
, the random variable W = a
1
Y
1
+ a
2
Y
2
has mean and variance
E(W ) = a
1
E(Y
1
) +a
2
E(Y
2
)
Var(W ) = a
2
1
Var(Y
1
) ... value, the
smaller the area (probability) in the tail. This tail probability is usually called the p-value.
For example (using Table A. 2), the area to...
A Methodology for the Health Sciences - part 3 pps
... 5 969 5 864
5 5 966 5 862
6 5358 565 8
7 5152 565 4
Mean 60 . 86 65. 86 64.29 62 . 86
Table 6. 5 Horse-kick Fatality
Data
Number of Deaths per
Corps per Year Frequency
0 109
165
222
33
41
50
60
188 COUNTING DATA
α, ... weight, what is the exact two-sided p-value for
testing the null hypothesis π = 1/2?
6. 3 Edwards and Fraccaro [1 960 ] present Swedish data about the gen...
A Methodology for the Health Sciences - part 4 pot
... 9.3. For the data in Table 9.4,
r
2
=
36, 464 .2
53 ,63 7.3
= 0 .67 983
That is, approximately 68 % of the variation in mortality can be attributed to variation in
latitude. Equivalently, the variation ... before a category with K tied observations, the average rank for the k tied observations is
average rank =
2J + K + 1
2
(9)
For these data, the average ranks are compu...
A Methodology for the Health Sciences - part 5 pdf
... Buchanan.
ONE-WAY ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE 361
10.2.2 Using the Normal Distribution Model
Basic Approach
The one-way analysis of variance is a generalization of the t-test. As in the motivating example
above, ... transformations are:
logarithmic, square root, reciprocal, and arcsin
√
. These transformations are nonlinear. Linear
transformations do not alter the analysis of variance t...
A Methodology for the Health Sciences - part 8 ppt
... total), calculate standardized death
rates for halothane and cyclopropane. Are the standardized rates significantly
different?
(c) Calculate the standardized mortality rates for halothane and ... 0.984 563
6 0.09 262 1 1.000000
a
The variance explained by each factor is the eigenvalue for
that factor. Total variance is defined as the sum of the diagonal
elements of the c...
A Methodology for the Health Sciences - part 9 pps
... standard deviations determine the correlations. These
data have a correlation for measurements that are one year apart of 0.734, 0.733, and 0.8 06.
For measurements two years apart, the correlation ... “maintain” the favorable status. Statistical inference can be based on standard two-sample
methods for binary data (see Chapter 6) . An analysis that summarizes current status at...
A Methodology for the Health Sciences - part 10 pps
... statistic. The concordance is the
product of the accuracy and the precision; it is also bounded by 1. The data in Table 20.2 are ana-
lyzed according to the criteria above and displayed in Table ... can be measured by the extent to which a technician’s
readings are from a 45
◦
line. A paper by Lin [1989] nicely provides a framework for analyzing
these data. In our case...
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