Surface Engineering of Metals - Principles, Equipment and Technologies Part 20 potx

... reddish-golden-brown 245 0-2 900 Zr (C x N1-x) (for x = 0.05 20) golden 325 0-3 450 Zr (C x N 1-x ) (for x > 0.9) silver 330 0-3 600 (Ti x Al 1-x )N (for x = 0.1 −70) golden-brown-black 240 0-2 900 (Ti x Zr 1-x )N ... [HV0.015] TiN yellow-golden (from bright yellow, through red-yellow to bright brown) to gray-silver 230 0-2 700 ZrN pale golden 230 0-3 200 HfN yellow-green 27...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 12:21

... areas of activity of surface engineering 2.2.2 Significance of surface engineering 2.3 Directions of development of surface engineering 2.3.1 Perfection and combination of methods of manufacturing ... 1.2 Scope of topics forming the concept of surface engineering References 2. Development of surface engineering 2.1 History of development of...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 12:21

... plasma); applica- tion of different methods of burnishing to replace heat and thermo-chemi- cal treatment. 3. Reduction of the share of material and raw material consuming meth- ods of surface layer ... techniques of surface enhance- ment. 2.2 Surface engineering today 2.2.1 General areas of activity of surface engineering During the past fifteen or so years a...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 12:21

... with hardnesses of 29, 72 and 76 HRF correspondingly; 4, 5, 6, 7 - medium-soft materials: 4 - 90%Cu-10%Sn bronze - 80 HRF; 5 - 70%Cu-30%Zn cartridge bronze - 98 HRF; 6 - 82%Cu- 18%Al ambralloy bronze - 98 ... Hydrogen +carbon RPI-15(Poland) 5-3 0 0. 3-1 .0 1-6 10 12 -1 0 15 Deuterium or nitrogen Ionotron-86(Poland) 5-2 0 1 2-5 .6 10 13 -1 0 1...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 12:21

... three-dimensional surface structure and on the type of material of the external zone of the superficial layer and they characterize a set of geo- metric-material properties of the real surface and ... - strengthening of the middle zone; s - residual stresses in the superficial layer; S f - flaws of the superficial layer; 1 - microfracture; 2- fissur...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 12:21

... focusing below surface of mate- rial; b) focusing on surface of material; c) focusing above surface of material; 1 - elec- tron beam; 2 - beam focus point; 3 - electron spot; 4 - surface of treated ... lens; 8 - vacuum pump; 9 - condensing lens; 10 - deflecting system; 11 - work chamber; 12 - treated object; 13 - x-y stage; 14 - elec...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 12:21

... scratches and crevices. A measure of undersaturation of adhesion forces between molecules of a solid - both inside and on the surface - is surface energy. It is an insepa- rable property of the surface ... solid surface - of a tool, of a part of a machine, of an element or even of a finished product - has for many years been the object of phys...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 12:21

... mirror; 2 - inflow of gas mixture; 3 - outlet of gas mixture; 4 - inlet for cooling water; 5 - outlet for cooling water; 6 - deflecting mirror; 7 - bellows-type resonator; 8 - electrodes (8’ - anode; ... body; 2 - discharge zone; 3 - cathode; 4 - totally reflecting mirror; 5 - multi-reflecting, deflecting mirror; 6 - anode; 7 - heat...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 12:21

... surface in the direction of the core and then drops off to the level of core hardness (Fig. 3.30). A lowering of hardness at the surface of 52100 steel is probably due to the big proportion of ... profiles of superficial layers following annealing of laser hardened Russian steels: a) plain carbon; b) alloyed; c) eutectoid; 1 - U8 * ; 2 - U10 * ; 3 - U12 * ; 4...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 12:21

... alloys and/ or mix- tures of: Cr-Ni [251], Cr-B-Ni, Fe-Cr-Mn-C [249], C-Cr-Mn, C-CrW, Mo-Cr- CrC-Ni-Si [29], Mo-Ni [243], TiC-Al 2 O 3 -Al, TiC- Al 2 O 3 -B 4 C-Al, aluminum, stellite [241], Hastelloy ... eutectic, com- posed of: – metal - non-metal. These are formed by metals of the group I of the periodic table (Ag, Au) and group VII (Fe, Ni, Co, Pd, Pt, Rh) with non- metal...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 12:21