Báo cáo sinh học: "Reasons for breast cancer heterogeneity" pptx

... understood breast cancer heterogeneity better. Two recent papers in Genome Biology from the laboratories of Carlos Caldas [1] and Eric Miska [2] use molecular methods to classify breast cancers ... hheetteerrooggeenneeiittyy Because breast cancer heterogeneity arises from many different factors, several directions of research must be pursued simultaneously if we are to understand an...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 18:21

... developed and tested for customizing the workforce skill mix to local health service needs? For example, what impact have recent health sector reforms had on the local health workforce? • What is ... workforce? • What is the status of existing efforts to train health work- ers using innovative methods, including distance learning and various forms of information technology? How will train...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 17:20

... adequate health work- force require a sustained effort in workforce planning, development and financing. This effort requires innova- tive strategies – such as incentive packages – for retaining and ... after the completion of the compulsory contract. Performance-based incentives for health workers in CambodiaFigure 10 Performance-based incentives for health workers in Cambodia. Source:...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 17:20

... is, genes n through n + 9 make up one group and genes n + 1 through n +10 form another). For all further analyses, therefore, we collapsed all groups that bordered one another into a single group. ... it is plausible that the same is true for homologous genes, particularly those that arose from recent duplications. In Drosophila there are 2,207 genes for which there is a homolog within...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 18:20

... depth Z (a) (30 dimensions for 102 NUTs and 669 dimensions for 3,789 COG trees) was chosen for further analysis. Clustering of data points in multidimensional space was performed using the kmeans ... in the forest of life to the NUTs. ((aa)) For each of the 102 NUTs, the breakdown of the rest of the trees in the forest by percent similarity is shown. ((bb)) The same breakdown for...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 19:20

... influences are involved in cancer formation. Second, oncogenesis can occur through virus-induced transformation. This is due to the persistence of the viral genome in a latent form in an infected ... pathways can lead to transforming events that have been described as the ‘hallmarks of cancer (inner circle) [2]. Accumulation of such events can lead to cancer development. Cancer is...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 19:21

... Requirement for endoderm and FGF3 in ventral head skel- eton formation. Development 2002, 129:4457-4468. 14. Crump JG, Maves L, Lawson ND, Weinstein BM, Kimmel CB: An essential role for Fgfs in ... Biology 2009, 8:101 Abstract Zebrafish are a powerful system for studying the early embryonic events that form the skull and face, as a model for human craniofacial birth defects such a...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 19:21

... intensities for males and females; 4) generation intervals (average age of parents when offspring are born) for males and females; and 5) variance of family sizes for male ... of response and inbreeding over years was observed for all the respectively. Corresponding averages for the variance for male parents were 39.24 and 41.68, but the...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:21

... seed. The first series corresponds to the same seed for all configurations. Therefore, for the first series, for example for configurations 3 and 8, the design is the same. ... results for binomial data and underlying normal distributions used to derive GAR. In MAP, assuming a vague prior for (3 and a normal prior for u, the posterio...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:21

... adding a code for the type of probe in upper case letters in parentheses. F for RFLP, A for RAPD, E for endogenous viral genes, M for microsatellite, and V for minisatellites ... an asterisk. For example, for !!4!4*1, the allele is printed as * 1. GENOTYPE TERMINOLOGY Single loci Heterozygote for alleles at the EAA locus: Genotypes f...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:22