Handbook of Corrosion Engineering Episode 1 Part 4 pdf

... CaCO 3 10 mg CaO 10 mg CaCO 3 14 .3 mg CaCO 3 * 1 mg CaCO 3 10 0 mg CaCO 3 1 mval/L 1 2.8 5 3. 51 50 0.5 1 °dH 0.357 1 1.786 1. 25 17 .86 0 .17 86 1 °fH 0.2 0.5599 1 0.7 10 0 .1 1 °eH 0.285 0.7999 1. 42 9 1 14. 29 ... g/m 2 иyear C 1 10 Յ0.9 Negligible Յ0.7 C 2 11 –200 0.9–5 Յ0.6 0.7–5 C 3 2 01 40 0 5 12 0.6–2 5 15 C 4 4 01 650 12 –25 2–5 15 –30 C 5 6 51 15...

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 09:20

... 7 .4 7.5 7 .1 8.3 7 .1 Alkalinity 2 38 90 18 0 250 278 47 0 Total hardness 10 53 12 0 230 340 70 559 Calcium hardness 5 36 85 210 298 40 4 51 Sulfate 6 20 39 50 17 10 9 46 3 Chloride 5 11 24 21 4 94 14 9 Silica ... g/m 2 иyear C 1 10 Յ0.9 Negligible Յ0.7 C 2 11 –200 0.9–5 Յ0.6 0.7–5 C 3 2 01 40 0 5 12 0.6–2 5 15 C 4 4 01 650 12 –25 2–5 15 –30 C 5 6 51 15 00 25–50...

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 09:20

... points Resistivity, ⍀иcm Ͻ 700 10 700 10 00 8 10 00 12 00 5 12 00 15 00 2 15 00–2000 1 Ͼ 2000 0 pH 0–2 5 2 4 3 4 6.5 0 6.5–7.5 0 7.5–8.5 0 Ͼ 8.5 3 Redox potential, mV Ͼ 10 0 0 50 10 0 3.5 0–50 4 Ͻ 05 Sulfides Positive ... analysis of 15 chloride levels reported for the initiation of corrosion of steel produced a range of 0 .17 to 2.5 percent, expressed as total chloride...

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 09:20

... Mn 3 O 4 Ϫ222, 540 ϩ 11 1 T 11 60 13 71 Pb ϩ 0.5O 2 ϭ PbO 19 0,580 ϩ 74. 9 T 772 11 60 Pb ϩ 0.5O 2 ϭ PbO Ϫ 215 ,000 ϩ 96.0 T 911 13 76 Ni ϩ 0.5O 2 ϭ NiO Ϫ233,580 ϩ 84. 9 T 11 73 13 73 Co ϩ 0.5O 2 ϭ CoO Ϫ235,900 ϩ 71. 5 ... CuO 13 0,930 ϩ 94. 5 T 13 96 17 23 1. 5 UO 2 ϩ 0.5O 2 ϭ 0.5 U 3 O 8 16 6,900 ϩ 84 T 878 13 93 U 4 O 9 ϩ 0.5O 2 ϭ 4/ 3 U3°8-z 16 4, 400 ϩ 82 T 967 13 73 2 Fe...

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 09:20

... None Good Ϫ0.30 Ϫ0 .10 Ϫ0.50 Ϫ0.50 0 Poor Ϫ0 .10 0 Ϫ0.30 Ϫ0.30 0 .10 Very poor 0 .10 0 .10 0 .10 0 .10 0 .15 Localized defects 0 .10 0 .10 0 .10 0 .10 0.20 076 516 2_Ch 04_ Roberge 9 /1/ 99 4: 43 Page 300 The procedure ... Length Probability of Severe and Active Corrosion Probability of Corrosion Occurring Figure 4. 8 Fault tree for natural gas pipeline outage caused by general c...

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 09:20

... xi Introduction 1 1 .1 The Cost of Corrosion 1 1.2 Examples of Catastrophic Corrosion Damage 3 1. 3 The Influence of People 5 References 12 Chapter 1. Aqueous Corrosion 13 1. 1 Introduction 13 1. 2 Applications ... company. 076 516 2_Intro_Roberge 9 /1/ 99 2:38 Page 10 20 Chapter One pH Potential (V vs SHE) 1. 6 0.8 0 -0.8 -1. 6 0 2 46 810 12 14 Fe Fe(OH) 3 2...

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 09:20

... avoidance. 076 516 2_Intro_Roberge 9 /1/ 99 2:38 Page 1 20 Chapter One pH Potential (V vs SHE) 1. 6 0.8 0 -0.8 -1. 6 0 2 46 810 12 14 Fe Fe(OH) 3 2 4 6 8 10 12 Uniform Corrosion High oxygen No oxygen Localized Corrosion Decreasing severity ... Summary 10 09 References 10 09 Appendix D. Electrochemistry Basics 10 11 D .1 Principles of Electrochemistry 10 11 D.2 Chemi...

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 09:20

... 0 5 10 15 20 Salinity,† % 0 9.06 18 .08 27 .11 36 .11 Temperature, °C ppm 0 14 .58 13 .70 12 .78 11 .89 11 .00 5 12 .79 12 .02 11 . 24 10 .49 9. 74 10 11 .32 10 .66 10 . 01 9.37 8.72 15 10 .16 9.67 9.02 8 .46 7.92 20 ... (M), ␮mol/L 0 10 .2 14 .58 45 5.5 5 8.9 12 .72 397 .4 10 7.9 11 .29 352.8 15 7.0 10 .00 312 .6 20 6 .4 9 .15 285.8 25 5.8 8.29 259.0 30 5.3 7....

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 09:20

... 0 5 10 15 20 Salinity,† % 0 9.06 18 .08 27 .11 36 .11 Temperature, °C ppm 0 14 .58 13 .70 12 .78 11 .89 11 .00 5 12 .79 12 .02 11 . 24 10 .49 9. 74 10 11 .32 10 .66 10 . 01 9.37 8.72 15 10 .16 9.67 9.02 8 .46 7.92 20 ... (M), ␮mol/L 0 10 .2 14 .58 45 5.5 5 8.9 12 .72 397 .4 10 7.9 11 .29 352.8 15 7.0 10 .00 312 .6 20 6 .4 9 .15 285.8 25 5.8 8.29 259.0 30 5.3 7....

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 09:20

... 5.25 Li ϩ 1 38.7 1. 03 F Ϫ 1 55 .4 1. 47 Na ϩ 1 50 .1 1.33 Cl Ϫ 1 76.3 2.03 K ϩ 1 73.5 1. 95 NO 3 Ϫ 1 71. 4 1. 90 Ca 2ϩ 2 11 9.0 0.79 ClO 4 Ϫ 1 67.3 1. 79 Cu 2ϩ 2 10 7.2 0. 71 SO 4 2Ϫ 2 16 0.0 1. 06 Zn 2ϩ 2 10 5.6 ... CO 3 2Ϫ 2 13 8.6 0.92 O 2 —— 2.26 HSO 4 Ϫ 1 50.0 1. 33 H 2 O —— 2 .44 HCO 3 1 1 41 . 5 1. 11 40 076 516 2_Ch 01_ Roberge 9 /1/ 99...

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 09:20