Handbook of Corrosion Engineering Episode 1 Part 4 pdf
Handbook of Corrosion Engineering Episode 1 Part 4 pdf
... CaCO
3
10 mg CaO 10 mg CaCO
3
14 .3 mg CaCO
3
* 1 mg CaCO
3
10 0 mg CaCO
3
1 mval/L 1 2.8 5 3. 51 50 0.5
1 °dH 0.357 1 1.786 1. 25 17 .86 0 .17 86
1 °fH 0.2 0.5599 1 0.7 10 0 .1
1 °eH 0.285 0.7999 1. 42 9 1 14. 29 ... g/m
2
иyear
C
1
10 Յ0.9 Negligible Յ0.7
C
2
11 –200 0.9–5 Յ0.6 0.7–5
C
3
2 01 40 0 5 12 0.6–2 5 15
C
4
4 01 650 12 –25 2–5 15 –30
C
5
6 51 15...
Handbook of Corrosion Engineering Episode 1 Part 4 ppt
... 7 .4 7.5 7 .1 8.3 7 .1
Alkalinity 2 38 90 18 0 250 278 47 0
Total hardness 10 53 12 0 230 340 70 559
Calcium hardness 5 36 85 210 298 40 4 51
Sulfate 6 20 39 50 17 10 9 46 3
Chloride 5 11 24 21 4 94 14 9
Silica ... g/m
2
иyear
C
1
10 Յ0.9 Negligible Յ0.7
C
2
11 –200 0.9–5 Յ0.6 0.7–5
C
3
2 01 40 0 5 12 0.6–2 5 15
C
4
4 01 650 12 –25 2–5 15 –30
C
5
6 51 15 00 25–50...
Handbook of Corrosion Engineering Episode 1 Part 6 pdf
... points
Resistivity, ⍀иcm
Ͻ 700 10
700 10 00 8
10 00 12 00 5
12 00 15 00 2
15 00–2000 1
Ͼ 2000 0
pH
0–2 5
2 4 3
4 6.5 0
6.5–7.5 0
7.5–8.5 0
Ͼ 8.5 3
Redox potential, mV
Ͼ 10 0 0
50 10 0 3.5
0–50 4
Ͻ 05
Sulfides
Positive ... analysis of 15 chloride levels reported
for the initiation of corrosion of steel produced a range of 0 .17 to 2.5
percent, expressed as total chloride...
Handbook of Corrosion Engineering Episode 1 Part 7 pdf
... Mn
3
O
4
Ϫ222, 540 ϩ 11 1 T
11 60 13 71 Pb ϩ 0.5O
2
ϭ PbO 19 0,580 ϩ 74. 9 T
772 11 60 Pb ϩ 0.5O
2
ϭ PbO Ϫ 215 ,000 ϩ 96.0 T
911 13 76 Ni ϩ 0.5O
2
ϭ NiO Ϫ233,580 ϩ 84. 9 T
11 73 13 73 Co ϩ 0.5O
2
ϭ CoO Ϫ235,900 ϩ 71. 5 ... CuO 13 0,930 ϩ 94. 5 T
13 96 17 23 1. 5 UO
2
ϩ 0.5O
2
ϭ 0.5 U
3
O
8
16 6,900 ϩ 84 T
878 13 93 U
4
O
9
ϩ 0.5O
2
ϭ 4/ 3 U3°8-z 16 4, 400 ϩ 82 T
967 13 73 2 Fe...
Handbook of Corrosion Engineering Episode 1 Part 9 pdf
... None
Good Ϫ0.30 Ϫ0 .10 Ϫ0.50 Ϫ0.50 0
Poor Ϫ0 .10 0 Ϫ0.30 Ϫ0.30 0 .10
Very poor 0 .10 0 .10 0 .10 0 .10 0 .15
Localized defects 0 .10 0 .10 0 .10 0 .10 0.20
076 516 2_Ch 04_ Roberge 9 /1/ 99 4: 43 Page 300
The procedure ... Length
Probability of Severe
and Active Corrosion
Probability
of Corrosion
Occurring
Figure 4. 8 Fault tree for natural gas pipeline outage caused by general c...
Handbook of Corrosion Engineering Episode 1 Part 1 pptx
... xi
Introduction 1
1 .1 The Cost of Corrosion 1
1.2 Examples of Catastrophic Corrosion Damage 3
1. 3 The Influence of People 5
References 12
Chapter 1. Aqueous Corrosion 13
1. 1 Introduction 13
1. 2 Applications ... company.
076 516 2_Intro_Roberge 9 /1/ 99 2:38 Page 10
20 Chapter One
pH
Potential (V vs SHE)
1. 6
0.8
0
-0.8
-1. 6
0
2
46 810
12
14
Fe
Fe(OH)
3
2...
Handbook of Corrosion Engineering Episode 1 Part 1 ppt
... avoidance.
076 516 2_Intro_Roberge 9 /1/ 99 2:38 Page 1
20 Chapter One
pH
Potential (V vs SHE)
1. 6
0.8
0
-0.8
-1. 6
0
2
46 810
12
14
Fe
Fe(OH)
3
2
4
6
8
10
12
Uniform
Corrosion
High oxygen
No
oxygen
Localized
Corrosion
Decreasing
severity ... Summary 10 09
References 10 09
Appendix D. Electrochemistry Basics 10 11
D .1 Principles of Electrochemistry 10 11
D.2 Chemi...
Handbook of Corrosion Engineering Episode 1 Part 2 docx
... 0 5 10 15 20
Salinity,† % 0 9.06 18 .08 27 .11 36 .11
Temperature, °C ppm
0 14 .58 13 .70 12 .78 11 .89 11 .00
5 12 .79 12 .02 11 . 24 10 .49 9. 74
10 11 .32 10 .66 10 . 01 9.37 8.72
15 10 .16 9.67 9.02 8 .46 7.92
20 ... (M), mol/L
0 10 .2 14 .58 45 5.5
5 8.9 12 .72 397 .4
10 7.9 11 .29 352.8
15 7.0 10 .00 312 .6
20 6 .4 9 .15 285.8
25 5.8 8.29 259.0
30 5.3 7....
Handbook of Corrosion Engineering Episode 1 Part 2 docx
... 0 5 10 15 20
Salinity,† % 0 9.06 18 .08 27 .11 36 .11
Temperature, °C ppm
0 14 .58 13 .70 12 .78 11 .89 11 .00
5 12 .79 12 .02 11 . 24 10 .49 9. 74
10 11 .32 10 .66 10 . 01 9.37 8.72
15 10 .16 9.67 9.02 8 .46 7.92
20 ... (M), mol/L
0 10 .2 14 .58 45 5.5
5 8.9 12 .72 397 .4
10 7.9 11 .29 352.8
15 7.0 10 .00 312 .6
20 6 .4 9 .15 285.8
25 5.8 8.29 259.0
30 5.3 7....
Handbook of Corrosion Engineering Episode 1 Part 3 docx
... 5.25
Li
ϩ
1 38.7 1. 03 F
Ϫ
1 55 .4 1. 47
Na
ϩ
1 50 .1 1.33 Cl
Ϫ
1 76.3 2.03
K
ϩ
1 73.5 1. 95 NO
3
Ϫ
1 71. 4 1. 90
Ca
2ϩ
2 11 9.0 0.79 ClO
4
Ϫ
1 67.3 1. 79
Cu
2ϩ
2 10 7.2 0. 71 SO
4
2Ϫ
2 16 0.0 1. 06
Zn
2ϩ
2 10 5.6 ... CO
3
2Ϫ
2 13 8.6 0.92
O
2
—— 2.26 HSO
4
Ϫ
1 50.0 1. 33
H
2
O —— 2 .44 HCO
3
1
1 41 . 5 1. 11
40
076 516 2_Ch 01_ Roberge 9 /1/ 99...