Handbook of Corrosion Engineering Episode 1 Part 3 pot

... Normal Atmosphere Chlorinity,* % 0 5 10 15 20 Salinity,† % 0 9.06 18 .08 27 .11 36 .11 Temperature, °C ppm 0 14 .58 13 .70 12 .78 11 .89 11 .00 5 12 .79 12 .02 11 .24 10 .49 9.74 10 11 .32 10 .66 10 . 01 9 .37 8.72 15 10 .16 9.67 9.02 ... mol 1 D ϫ 10 5 , cm 2 и s 1 Anion |z| ␭, S и cm 2 и mol 1 D ϫ 10 5 , cm 2 и s 1 H ϩ 1 34 9.8 9 .30 OH Ϫ 1 197.6 5.25 L...

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... 5.25 Li ϩ 1 38 .7 1. 03 F Ϫ 1 55.4 1. 47 Na ϩ 1 50 .1 1 .33 Cl Ϫ 1 76 .3 2. 03 K ϩ 1 73. 5 1. 95 NO 3 Ϫ 1 71. 4 1. 90 Ca 2ϩ 2 11 9.0 0.79 ClO 4 Ϫ 1 67 .3 1. 79 Cu 2ϩ 2 10 7.2 0. 71 SO 4 2Ϫ 2 16 0.0 1. 06 Zn 2ϩ 2 10 5.6 ... SO 4 2Ϫ 2 16 0.0 1. 06 Zn 2ϩ 2 10 5.6 0.70 CO 3 2Ϫ 2 13 8.6 0.92 O 2 —— 2.26 HSO 4 Ϫ 1 50.0 1. 33 H 2 O —— 2.44 HCO 3 1 1 41....

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... 418 18 6 60 12 6 No scale observed 10 (3) 39 04 270 36 34 31 7 2 508 2664 30 50 95 2995 Slight valve scale 11 (3) 417 0 18 8 39 82 30 8 30 3 5 12 6 12 6 0 No scale observed 12 (3) 36 60 800 2860 26 23 2972 34 9 ... scale 6 (3) 8 03 16 3 640 495 607 11 2 16 2 14 3 19 No scale observed 7 (3) 14 64 200 12 64 549 13 5 414 11 2 10 1 11 No scale observed 8 (3) 800 16...

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... ⍀иcm Ͻ 700 10 700 10 00 8 10 00 12 00 5 12 00 15 00 2 15 00–2000 1 Ͼ 2000 0 pH 0–2 5 2–4 3 4–6.5 0 6.5–7.5 0 7.5–8.5 0 Ͼ 8.5 3 Redox potential, mV Ͼ 10 0 0 50 10 0 3. 5 0–50 4 Ͻ 05 Sulfides Positive 3. 5 Trace ... surface Figure 2 .33 Galvanic corrosion cell in concrete repair (schematic). 076 516 2_Ch02_Roberge 9 /1/ 99 4:02 Page 17 4 2(3CaO и SiO 2 ) ϩ 6H 2 O → 3Ca(OH) 2 ϩ...

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... 31 0 S 410 00 570 500 440 39 0 34 5 800 H 580 575 575 575 575 430 760 680 615 555 500 S30400 880 790 700 625 565 825 930 630 630 630 630 625 760 630 630 630 630 718 760 630 630 630 630 076 516 2_Ch 03_ Roberge ... N070 41 Ni-, Ni-Fe-, Co-base alloy 30 4 S30400 Austenitic stainless steel 31 0 S 31 0 00 Austenitic stainless steel 31 6 S 31 6 00 Austenitic stainless steel 33 0 S 330...

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... 8.82 1. 36 d 0. 71 12.8 1. 42 Short longitudinal (SL) e 1. 59 15 .7 1. 23 f 0.84 14 .9 1. 30 Short transverse (ST) g 1. 01 17.6 1. 35 *Average reference trace measured before corrosion exposure. 076 516 2_Ch04_Roberge ... Applications 2 73 TABLE 4 .1 Calculated Surface Parameters for Regions Identified on Fig. 4.2 Plane Zone Ra, ␮m Rt, ␮m D Reference* 0 .14 2.95 1. 45 L...

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... 6 .15 Types of ER corrosion sensors. (Courtesy of Metal Samples.) TU04, FS02 CT10, FL10, SP10 WR40, CT20, FL20 FL05 WR80 12 8 h 64 h 32 h 16 h 8 h 1 h 1 0 1 3 6 12 24 36 10 10 -1 10 -0 10 1 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 0 ... (Note: 1 mpy (milli-inch/year)ϭ0.0254 mm/year.) (Courtesy of Metal Samples.) Figure 6 .15 Types of ER corrosion sensors. (Courtesy of Meta...

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... aluminum alloy. 6:52 10 mV 10 00 nA 0 .1 nA 10 00 mbar 0 mbar -20°C 80°C 1 µV Time 8:46 Temperature Max: +1. 82E+ 01 Min: +1. 09E+ 01 Mean: +1. 31 E+ 01 Sdev: +2.42E+00 Cvar: +1. 85E- 01 Units: deg C Scale: ... 2 R1 R2 R3 Analog output signal PD1’ PD1 PD2 PD2’ 3 X 3 13 00 nm 670 nm LD1 DFOS DFOS= distributed fiber optic sensor LD1= laser diode 1 PD1= photodetector 1 R1= r...

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... Rem. Maximum Nickel Minimum 9.0 10 .0 9.0 9.0 Maximum 11 .0 11 .0 11 .0 11 .0 Iron Minimum 1. 2 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0 Maximum 2.0 2.0 1. 8 1. 8 Manganese Minimum 0.5 0.5 0.5 Maximum 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0 1. 0 Tin Minimum Maximum ... 3 Carbon steel 711 C 715 00 10 7 Titanium 2 076 516 2_Ch08_Roberge 9 /1/ 99 6: 01 Page 654 TABLE 8 . 13 Corrosion- Resistance Ratings * for Coppers (C 110...

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