... presents an assessment of the economic, social and environmental impacts which have been brought upon the people living in the six villages within the case study areas: Oudomsouk, Lak 19, Nong ... success of growing cash crops in the study areas, villagers still did not abandon rice-growing. Before the establishment of the rubber estates, villagers in the case study areas used to produce rice ... from forests and streams Loss of agricultural and public spaces have brought about changes in the way of life of the villagers in the case study areas. Before the land concession arrived, most...