Chapter 074 Biology of Obesity (Part 1) ppsx

... role in systemic complications of obesity is an area of active investigation. Definition and Measurement Obesity is a state of excess adipose tissue mass. Although often viewed as equivalent ... measure of adiposity, the most widely used method to gauge obesity is the body mass index (BMI), which is equal to weight/height 2 (in kg/m 2 ) (Fig. 74 -1). Other approaches to qu...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

... common forms of obesity. Figure 74-4 Chapter 074. Biology of Obesity (Part 4) SPECIFIC GENETIC SYNDROMES For many years obesity in rodents has been known to be caused by a number of distinct ... several other genes cause severe obesity in humans (Table 74- 1); each of these syndromes is rare. Mutations in the gene encoding proopiomelanocortin (POMC) cause sever...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

... expenditure includes the following components: (1) resting or basal metabolic rate; (2) the energy cost of metabolizing and storing food; (3) the thermic effect of exercise; and (4) adaptive thermogenesis, ... activity of BAT is increased by a central action of leptin, acting through the sympathetic nervous system, which heavily innervates this tissue. In rodents, BAT deficiency...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

... Chapter 074. Biology of Obesity (Part 5) Figure 74-5 A central pathway through which leptin acts to regulate ... for hypothalamic mediators of human obesity or leanness. The tub gene encodes a hypothalamic peptide of unknown function; mutation of this gene causes late-onset obesity. The fat gene encodes ... associated with obesity (Table 74-2). Although specif...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

... that is in the Chapter 074. Biology of Obesity (Part 6) OTHER SPECIFIC SYNDROMES ASSOCIATED WITH OBESITY Cushing's Syndrome Although obese patients commonly have central obesity, hypertension, ... PATHOGENESIS OF COMMON OBESITY Obesity can result from increased energy intake, decreased energy expenditure, or a combination of the two. Thus, identifying the e...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

... sensitivity and often improve glucose control in diabetes. Chapter 074. Biology of Obesity (Part 7) WHAT IS THE STATE OF ENERGY EXPENDITURE IN OBESITY? The average total daily energy expenditure ... Pathologic Consequences of Obesity (See also Chap. 75) Obesity has major adverse effects on health. Obesity is associated with an increase in mortality, with a 50–10...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

... 76 Chapter 075. Evaluation and Management of Obesity (Part 1) Harrison's Internal Medicine > Chapter 75. Evaluation and Management of Obesity Evaluation and Management of Obesity: ... Blood Institute (NHLBI) and a number of medical societies. The five main steps in the evaluation of obesity are described below and include (1) focused obesity- relate...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

... Lifestyle modification for the management of obesity. Gastroenterology 132(6):2226, 2007 [PMID: 17498514] Chapter 075. Evaluation and Management of Obesity (Part 7) The three restrictive-malabsorptive ... Association for the Study of Obesity: Practical guide: Identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults. Bethesda, MD, National...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

... antigens may block this binding. Chapter 107. Transfusion Biology and Therapy (Part 1) Harrison's Internal Medicine > Chapter 107. Transfusion Biology and Therapy Blood Group ... formed by the addition of fucose to the glycolipid or glycoprotein backbone. The subsequent addition of N-acetylgalactosamine creates the A antigen, while the addition of galactose...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

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