Chapter 073 Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition (Part 9) pps
Chapter 073. Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition (Part 9) pps
... chloride. Up to 100 meq/L and up to 150 meq of hydrochloric acid per day may be placed in a fat-free PN formula. Chapter 073. Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition (Part 9) Complications Mechanical ... recurrent thrombosis related to permanent catheters. A recent U.S. Food and Drug Administration mandate to reformulate parenteral multivitamins to include vitamin K at a dose of 150 µg daily may ... reasonable glucose control is established, and the insulin dose adjusted proportionately to the calories added as glucose and amino acids. These are general rules, and they are conservative. Given the...
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Chapter 073. Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition (Part 6) ppsx
... improve immune function and reduce the inflammatory response. Parenteral emulsions containing medium-chain triglycerides, olive oil, and fish oil are available in Europe and Japan but not yet ... since more parenteral glucose stimulates de novo lipogenesis by the liver—an energy-inefficient process. Polyunsaturated long-chain triglycerides are the chief ingredient in most parenteral fat ... permit and definitely during the second week of SNS. Patients with multiple trauma, closed head injury, and severe burns weight per h or about 100 g over 12 h—equivalent to 1 L of 10% parenteral...
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Chapter 073. Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition (Part 7) pps
... patients not receiving oral anticoagulation therapy if using this product. Chapter 073. Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition (Part 7) Protein or Amino Acid Requirements Although the recommended ... amounts up to 1.5 g/kg as volume, renal, and hepatic tolerances allow. The standard parenteral and enteral formulas contain protein of high biologic value and meet the requirements for the eight ... phosphorus, and acid-base balance. Vitamin and trace element requirements are met by the daily provision of a complete parenteral vitamin supplement and trace elements for PN, and with the...
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Chapter 073. Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition (Part 11) ppsx
... Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 16e, by Lyn Howard, MD. Chapter 073. Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition (Part 11) Infectious Infections of the central access catheter rarely ... medications. In long-term enteral patients, gastrostomy and jejunostomy tubes can be exchanged for a low-profile "button" once the tract is established. Source: Adapted from chapter in Harrison's ... Medications and other additives to enteral feeding formulas can clog the tubes (e.g., calcium chloride may interact with casein-based formulas to produce insoluble calcium caseinate products) and may...
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Chapter 073. Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition (Part 12) pps
... pain and distention should be monitored. Chapter 073. Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition (Part 12) Table 73-10 Enteral Formulas Composition Characteristics Clinical Indications STANDARD ... safflower oils e. Recommended daily intake of all minerals and vitamins in >1500 kcal/d f. Osmolality (mosmol/kg): ~300 MODIFIED ENTERAL FORMULAS 1. Caloric density 1.5–2 kcal/mL (+) ... partial MCT substitution (+) b. Fat >40% cals (++) c. Fat from MUFA (++) d. Fat from ω3 and ω6 linoleic acid (+++) 4. Fiber provided as soy polysaccharide (+) 0.8 g/kg protein Renal...
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Chapter 073. Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition (Part 1) doc
... Medicine > Part 4. Nutrition > Chapter 73. Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Therapy Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Therapy: Introduction The ability to provide specialized nutritional support ... duration and quality of life. The decision-making process used to decide when to use SNS is depicted in Fig. 73-1. Figure 73-1 Chapter 073. Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition (Part 1) ... a major advance in medical therapy. Nutritional support, via either enteral or parenteral routes, is used in two main settings: (1) to provide adequate nutritional intake during the recuperative...
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Chapter 073. Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition (Part 2) pdf
... & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2003. Chapter 073. Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition (Part 2) Decision-making for the implementation of specialized nutrition support (SNS). CVC, central ... Moderate malnutrition <16 kg/m2 Severe malnutrition <13 kg/m2 Lethal in males <11 kg/m2 Lethal in females From D Driscoll, B Bistrian: Parenteral and enteral nutrition ... function and somewhat on the available technical resources. The timing of nutritional support is based on evaluation of the preexisting nutritional status, the presence and extent of SRI, and the...
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Chapter 073. Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition (Part 3) potx
... full enteral feeding, which can generally be used when >50% of requirements can be met enterally. Substantial nutritional benefit can be achieved by providing Chapter 073. Enteral and Parenteral ... luminal nutrition should be provided, even when PN is required to provide most of the nutritional support. The combination of some enteral feeding either by mouth or by enteral tube with parenteral ... injury, and severe pancreatitis [positive CT scan and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) > 10] all benefit by early SNS, as indicated by reduced mortality and morbidity....
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Chapter 073. Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition (Part 4) pdf
... Patient-Year Chapter 073. Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition (Part 4) Although PN was initially relatively expensive, its components are often less expensive than specialty enteral formulas. ... prognosis is longer than several months and that the therapy benefits quality of life. Table 73-2 Summary of Outcomes for Patients on Home Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (HPEN) Therapy Status, ... ied HPEN NonHPEN Home Parenteral Nutrition Crohn's disease 562 6 6 0 25 0 8 0.9 1.1 Ischemic 331 9 7 7 48 9 3 1 1.4 1.1 Home Enteral Nutrition Neurologic disorders...
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Chapter 073. Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition (Part 5) potx
... level. Cardiac patients, and many severely stressed patients, often benefit from fluid and sodium restriction to levels of 1000 mL of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) formula and 5–20 meq of sodium ... crystalline amino acids (70 g) and 21% dextrose (210 g), which provides an amount of nitrogen and glucose that is effective at protein-sparing. Table 73-3 Enteric Fluid Volumes and Their Electrolyte ... weight loss and tissue wasting, TPN must be instituted gradually because of the profound antinatriuresis, antidiuresis, and intracellular accumulation of potassium, magnesium, and phosphorus....
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