Insect Ecology - An Ecosystem Approach 2nd ed - Chapter 2 pdf

... (2. 4 .25 ) Population regression 51 0 10 20 30 0 0 .2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 impulse response 0 1 2 3 10 0 10 1 10 2 spectrum −15 −10 −5 0 5 10 15 2. 2 2. 4 2. 6 2. 8 3 3 .2 covariogram 20 40 60 80 −3 2. 5 2 −1.5 −1 −0.5 0 0.5 sample ... m t+1 +logm t +2 )=var t (log m t+1 )+var t (log m t +2 )+2cov t (log m t+1 , log m t +2 ) (2. 7.14) where cov t is a conditional covariance. It c...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 15:20

... ×k 1 ; b 2 is n × k 2 ; r 1 is n × n; r 2 is n × n; q 1 is k 1 ×k 1 ; q 2 is k 2 ×k 2 ; s 1 is k 2 × k 2 ; s 2 is k 1 × k 1 ; w 1 is n ×k 1 ; w 2 is n ×k 2 ; m 1 is k 2 × k 1 ;andm 2 is k 1 × k 2 . ... which if any of the following pairs (H 0 ,H 1 ) is a rational expectations equilibrium: (i) (94.0888, . 921 1); (ii) (93 .22 , .9433), and (iii) (95.0818745 921 5 02...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 15:20

... goods, and θ(c 1 ,c 2 ) ≡ u 1 (c 1 ,c 2 )/u 2 (c 1 ,c 2 ), the marginal rate of substitution function, approaches infinity as c 2 /c 1 ap- proaches infinity and approaches zero as c 2 /c 1 approaches ... economy with money-financed deficits and transform it into an equilibrium of the economy with bond-financed deficits as follows: set B t = M t−1 /p t ,R t = p t /p t+1 . It can be ver...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 15:20

... Huggett raised r j+1 above r j and recomputed excess demand, con- tinuing these iterations until he found an r at which excess demand for loans is zero. 594 Incomplete Markets Models 17. 12. 5. Implicit ... issued by individual A and owned by B are “honored” or redeemed by individual C by being exchanged for goods. 13 In a different setting, Kocherlakota (1996b) and Kocherlakota and Wallace...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 15:20

... t L ) (2 −t L ) 3 < 0 , (23 .9.2a) du L (t L ) dt L = 2( 2− 3t L ) (2 −t L ) 3  > 0fort L < 2/ 3 ≤ 0fort L ≥ 2/ 3 (23 .9.2b) and d 2 u L (t L ) dt 2 L = − 12t L (2 −t L ) 4 ≤ 0 , (23 .9.2c) Concluding ... L) and the definition of v N L can be rearranged to get e S ≥ u L (t N L ) −u L (0) β . (23 . 12. 3) Time-invariant transfers e S that satisfy inequality (23 . 12. 3)...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 15:20

... 2. 67 18 Crustacean deposit feeders x x x x 3.00 19 Blue crab x x x x 3.51 20 Fish larvae x 3.16 21 Alewife and blue herring x x x x 3.16 22 Bay anchovy x x x x 2. 84 23 Menhaden x x x x 2. 77 24 ... others considered by Baird et al. (20 04). The food web in Chesapeake Bay was analyzed for four seasons (Baird and Ulanowicz 1989). Many of the changes linked to temperature noted for the...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 19:20

... cucumber biology and ecology needed when applying an ecosystem approach to management. The facilitators covered scientifically technical concepts and explained results from recent global analyses of ... FAO manuals on an ecosystem approach to managing sea cucumber fisheries (Purcell, 20 10; FAO, 20 10). The SPC has also put much recent effort into information and support f...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 10:12