Chapter 026 Confusion and Delirium (Part 5) pps

... cause delirium, and mild derangements can lead to substantial cognitive disturbances in susceptible individuals. Other common metabolic etiologies include liver and renal failure, hypercarbia and ... deficiencies of thiamine and B 12 , autoimmune disorders including CNS vasculitis, and endocrinopathies such as thyroid and adrenal disorders. Systemic infections often cause d...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... skin and soft tissue infections, sepsis CNS infections: meningitis, encephalitis, brain abscess Endocrinologic conditions Hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism Chapter 026. Confusion and Delirium ... history and physical examination, while others require confirmation with laboratory studies, imaging, or other ancillary tests. A large, diverse group of insults can lead to deliriu...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... Chapter 026. Confusion and Delirium (Part 1) Harrison's Internal Medicine > Chapter 26. Confusion and Delirium Confusion and Delirium: Introduction Confusion, a mental and behavioral ... spectrum between the hyperactive and The relationship between delirium and dementia (Chap. 3 65) is complicated by significant overlap between these two condit...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... Chapter 026. Confusion and Delirium (Part 2) Epidemiology Delirium is a common disease, but its reported incidence has varied ... episode of delirium was viewed as a transient condition that carried a benign prognosis. Delirium has now been clearly associated with substantial morbidity and increased mortality, and is increasingly ... home, and are more likely to...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... 1990. History Chapter 026. Confusion and Delirium (Part 3) Approach to the Patient: Delirium As the diagnosis of delirium is clinical and made at the bedside, a careful history and physical ... autonomic instability, and changes in affect Table 26-1 The Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) Diagnostic Algorithm The diagnosis of delirium requires the presence of...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... evaluation Systemic infection screen Urinalysis and culture Chest radiograph Blood cultures Chapter 026. Confusion and Delirium (Part 6) LABORATORY AND DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION A cost-effective ... Endocrinologic laboratories: thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free T4; cortisol and herbals) General physical examination and neurologic examination Complete bl...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... Simple standard nursing practices such as maintaining proper nutrition and volume status as well as managing incontinence and skin breakdown also help to alleviate discomfort and resulting confusion. ... impairment, sleep deprivation, and dehydration. Significant reductions in the number and duration of episodes of delirium were observed in the treatment group, but unfortuna...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... Chapter 047. Hypercalcemia and Hypocalcemia (Part 5) Vitamin D deficiency, impaired 1,25(OH) 2 D production (primarily ... deposition of calcium, and impaired PTH secretion. Clinical Manifestations Patients with hypocalcemia may be asymptomatic if the decreases in serum calcium are relatively mild and chronic, or they ... severe hypocalcemia is associated with paresthesias...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... acid anion Chapter 048. Acidosis and Alkalosis (Part 5) Metabolic Acidosis Metabolic acidosis can occur because of an increase in endogenous acid production (such as lactate and ketoacids), ... [HCO 3 – ] deficit, a slow and often unpredictable process. Consequently, patients with a normal AG acidosis (hyperchloremic acidosis), a slightly elevated AG (mixed hyperchloremi...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... 6 00–1200 q 8 h Oxcarbaz ine 3 00 bid Pregab alin 1 50–600 bid Chapter 012. Pain: Pathophysiology and Management (Part 5) Sympathetically Maintained Pain Patients with peripheral nerve ... Inte rval ANTICONVULSANTS AND ANTIARRHYTHMICS a Table 12-1 Drugs for Relief of Pain Generic Name Dose, mg Interval Comments NONNARCOTIC ANALGESICS: USUAL DOSES AND I...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 08:20