Introduction to Modern Liquid Chromatography, Third Edition part 5 pptx

... (sec) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 (a) (b) 3 4 5 6 7 13 12 10 9 14 16 15 17 19 20 21 27 29 28 24 23 30 34 32 31 33 35 36 39 41 46 42 43 47 48 51 50 49 44 45 52 53 54 56 55 57 63 67 71 72 73 74 77 76 73 70 69 68 82 81 78 75 85 83 87 89 88 86 89 90 ... mixtures are equipped for HPLC; it is often the first choice of technique Introduction to Modern Liquid C...

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... NUMBER N , 35 2.4.1 Dependence of N on Separation Conditions, 37 2.4.2 Peak Shape, 50 2 .5 RESOLUTION AND METHOD DEVELOPMENT, 54 2 .5. 1 Optimizing the Retention Factor k ,57 2 .5. 2 Optimizing Selectivity α ,59 2 .5. 3 ... Chrommatogr., 5 (1967) 183. 25. J. J. Kirkland, ed., Modern Practice of Liquid Chromatography, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1971. 26. T. Braumann, G. Web...

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... on detector noise. Raw detector signal with ≈16 mAU short-term noise; 1-sec time constant reduces noise to <1mAU. 0123 45 Time (min) 0 5 −10 − 15 5 10 15 0 5 −10 − 15 5 10 15 Detector signal ... DETECTORS (MS), 1 85 4.14.1 Interfaces, 186 4.14.2 Quadrupoles and Ion Traps, 188 4.14.3 Other MS Detectors, 190 4. 15 OTHER HYPHENATED DETECTORS, 191 Introduction to Modern L...

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... heating, microparticles of silica spherical composit e Figure 5. 10 Aggregation of microparticles to form totally porous particles. 212 THE COLUMN and the particles are strengthened by sintering. Small particles ... RP-8 Alumina 5 na 8 na a Taken in part from [ 35] . b Not available. Table 5. 5 Comparison of Silica and Metal-Oxide Particles for Chromatography Property Silica Titania A...

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... compounds 1 to 6 are flat, fused-ring 6.3 SELECTIVITY 271 1.0 0 .5 3.2 3.4 3.6 1000/T K 45 C 35 C 25 C 15 C 6 5 4 3 2 1 A B C log k 22°C 1.0 0 .5 3.2 3.4 3.6 1000/T K 45 C 35 C 25 C 15 C 6 5 4 3 2 1 log ... 4-nitrophenol; 2, 5, 5-diphenylhydantoin; 3, acetophenone; 4, benzonitrile; 5, 5- phenylpentanol; 6,anisole;7, toluene; 8, cis-chalcone; 9, ethylbenzene; 10, trans-chalcone. C...

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... 75. 5–8.0 2 15 nm (10 mM) Possibly unstable f Bis-tris propane 9.0 7 .5 10 .5 2 25 nm (10 mM) Possibly unstable f Tris.HCl g 8.0 7.0–9 .5 2 05 nm (10 mM) Possibly unstable f Ammonia.HCl 9.2 8.0–10 .5 ... to ±1 .5 unit for higher concentrations of the buffer). The buffer capacity of the mobile phase is proportional to buffer concentra- tion, which typically falls within a range of...

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... (min) Time ( min ) Time ( min ) 02468 Time (min) 02468 4 5 7 6 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 4 5 7 6 0 2 4 6 8 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 4 + 5 7 6 4 + 5 7 6 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f ) Figure 7. 15 IPC separation of a sample of water-soluble ... niacinamide; 4, pyridoxine; 5, folic acid; 6,thiamine;7, riboflavin. Conditions; 83 × 4.6-mm C 8 column (3-μmparti- cles); 15% methanol- buffer (pH-3.2); 35...

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... gives 0 .5 ≤ R F ≤ 0.8 for the sample bands, corresponding to 0.2 ≤ k ≤ 1 (Fig. 8.8 or Eq. 8 .5) . In this case we need an increase in k by 5- to 10-fold. A decrease in ε by 0. 05, 0.10, or 0. 15 units ... transferred from their original bottles to the reservoir with minimum exposure to the atmosphere. 10 8 6 4 2 k 0 0. 05 0.10 0. 15 0.2 0 0. 05 0.10 0. 15 0 50 100 10 8 6 4 2...

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... gradients i ii 100 80 60 40 20 0 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 5 10 15 2 0 (min) 5/ 25/ 40/100% B at 0 /5/ 15/ 20min t G = 20 min = (0.80 – 0.10) = 0.70 %B 0 5 10 15 20 (min) 10-80% B in 20 min o = 10% B ≡ 0.10 f = ... A-reservoir and 95% acetonitrile/water in the B-reservoir. For the latter example, a (nominal) 0–100% B gradient would then correspond to 5 95% acetonitrile, with Δφ = (0. 9...

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... need to be applied to this value before the final sample concentration is reported. 11.4 QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS 52 1 it in water or buffer to make a primary stock. This stock then is added to the ... Addition c 0 487 1 2 15 0.0408 729 2 416 0.0789 911 5 976 0.1 85 1,4 35 10 2, 056 0.390 2 ,52 9 20 4,060 0.770 50 9,921 1.88 100 20,140 3.82 200 40,163 7.62 50 0 99,796 18.9 1000 20...

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