Parallel Programming: for Multicore and Cluster Systems- P10 pps
Parallel Programming: for Multicore and Cluster Systems- P10 pps
... memory accesses must be
atomic and since memory accesses must be performed one after another. There-
fore, processors may have to wait for quite a long time before memory accesses
that they have ... (4).
Thus, both P
1
and P
2
may print the old value for x
1
and x
2
, respectively.
Partial store ordering (PSO) models relax both the W → W and the W → R
ordering required for seque...
Parallel Programming: for Multicore and Cluster Systems- P1 ppsx
... relevant for modern and future mul-
ticore processors.
The second part presents parallel programming models, performance models,
and parallel programming environments for message passing and shared ... WaitandNotify 320
6.2.4 Extended Synchronization Patterns . . 326
Thomas Rauber · Gudula R
¨
unger
Parallel
Programming
For Multicore and Cluster Systems
123
vi Preface...
Parallel Programming: for Multicore and Cluster Systems- P3 pps
... multi-
threading and multicore processors requiring an explicit specification of parallelism.
2.2 Flynn’s Taxonomy of Parallel Architectures
Parallel computers have been used for many years, and many ... 2.3 (a) for an
illustration.
14 2 Parallel Computer Architecture
Chaps. 3 and 5. To perform message-passing, two processes P
A
and P
B
on different
nodes A and B issue co...
Parallel Programming: for Multicore and Cluster Systems- P7 pps
... left) of β and
selects the output link for forwarding the message according to the following rule:
• for β
k
= 0, the message is forwarded over the upper link of the switch and
• for β
k
= 1, ... switch can forward the message without
52 2 Parallel Computer Architecture
Fig. 2.23 Illustration of path
selection for west-first
routinginan8×8mesh.The
links shown as blocked are
used...
Parallel Programming: for Multicore and Cluster Systems- P9 pps
... for the L1 cache, between 15 and 25 cycles for the L2 cache, between 100
and 1000 cycles for the main memory, and between 10 and 100 million cycles for
the hard disc [137].
2.7.3 Cache Coherency
Using ... Kbytes and 8 Mbytes for the L2 cache. Typical sizes of the main memory lie
between 1 Gbyte and 16 Gbytes. Typical access times are one or a few processor
cycles for t...
Parallel Programming: for Multicore and Cluster Systems- P11 ppsx
... of single systems and provide an abstract view for the design and analysis of
parallel programs.
3.1 Models for Parallel Systems
In the following, the types of models used for parallel processing ... assignments of Fortran 90/95, see [49, 175, 122]. Other examples for
data -parallel programming languages are C* and data -parallel C [82], PC++ [22],
DINO [151], and High...
Parallel Programming: for Multicore and Cluster Systems- P17 pps
... literature.
4.2 Performance Metrics for Parallel Programs
An important criterion for the usefulness of a parallel program is its runtime on a
specific execution platform. The parallel runtime T
p
(n) ... Examples for synthetic
benchmarks are Whetstone [36, 39], which has originally been formulated in For-
tran to measure floating-point performance, and Dhrystone [174] to measure...
Parallel Programming: for Multicore and Cluster Systems- P18 ppsx
... directions. For real parallel systems, this property is usually
fulfilled.
4.2 Performance Metrics for Parallel Programs 165
4.2.2 Scalability of Parallel Programs
The scalability of a parallel program ... operations must be
performed, and different load balancing may result, leading to different parallel
execution times for different program versions. Analytical modeling can...
Parallel Programming: for Multicore and Cluster Systems- P19 ppsx
... mes-
sages received in phase 2.
The phases 1 and 2 can be performed simultaneously and take time 2
d
. Phase 3
has to be performed after phase 2 and takes time ≤ 2
d
− 1. In summary, the time
2
d
+2
d
−1 ... 2
d+1
−1 results.
4.4 Analysis of Parallel Execution Times
The time needed for the parallel execution of a parallel program depends on
• the size of the input data n, and...
Từ khóa:
- introduction to assembly language programming for pentium and risc processors
- introduction to assembly language programming for pentium and risc processors solution
- game and graphics programming for ios and android
- game and graphics programming for ios and android pdf
- game and graphics programming for ios and android with opengl es