Encyclopedia of World Cultures Volume 2 - Oceania - G ppsx

... other New Guinea highlanders, Gahuku con- fine their artistic production almost totally to body decora- tion and ornamentation for ceremonies, festivals, and courtship. Medicine. Bush medicines and purification techniques were traditionally employed on a self-help basis, but increas- ingly nowadays Western medical facilities are used. Death and Afterlife. All deaths, whatever their apparent p...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... married brother or other kin. Increasingly, partly be- cause of mission pressure, a young couple may have their own house much earlier. Inheritance. Most wealth is held by men, who can dispose of it before death, with the bulk being kept for the bride- wealth of sons. Productive trees may be planted for children of both sexes. Some magic, being clan-owned, should only be taught to a s...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... are some circumstances requiring the application of collective sanctions-primarily in the case of violations of sacred tradition, such as the giving away of ritual secrets. Conflict. Disputes between individuals can erupt at any time over any number of disagreements, but they tend to be most common during times when large numbers of people are gathered together. At such times, fig...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... a low point of only 120 in 1867. In 1964 Rapans numbered only 360, and recent estimates indicate only 400 speakers of the Rapa language. Linguistic Affiliation. Rapa is grouped with numerous others, including Tahitian, Tongareva, and Cook Islands Maori, in the Eastern Polynesian Subcluster of the Nuclear Polynesian Subgroup of Austronesian languages, though it has virtually disappea...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... is a repository of information not likely to be available in any other single publication or, in some cases, not available at all. For students, from high school through graduate school, it provides background and bibliographic information for term papers and class projects. And for travelers, it provides an in- troduction into the ways of life of the indigenous peoples in the area of...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... Ajii 7 donia changed the spelling to 'Kanak" and this marked the birth of a Black-power type of consciousness. If they are suc- cessful in their quest for independence, their new country will be named "Kanaky." Location. Ajii is spoken primarily on the east coast of New Caledonia's main island, La Grande Terre, from Monio to Kouaoua in the Houailou Valley, but i...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... grounds. Both villages and camps are usually built on low islands or peninsulas in the swamps and marshes of the Fly River flood- plain. All villages have a separate house for unmarried men. This house is physically removed from the rest of the village and serves as the married men's clubhouse and the repository of the central objects of the men's secret cult. Traditionally,...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... and 320 centimeters per year. To the east live the Chuave and Siane, and to the north live the Bundh of the upper jimi Valley. In many ways cultur- ally very similar to the Chimbu are the Kuma (Middle Wahgi) people living to the west. South of the Chimbu in the lower Wahgi and MarigI valleys are Gumine peoples, and farther south are lower altitude areas, lightly settled by Pawaia and Mi...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... to houses and canoes. The bamboo flute and Jew's harp were used in court- ship, and dancing to hand drums accompanied feasting. Many of the dance songs translated by Fortune are remark- able for their pathos and poetic beauty. Medicine. Illness is almost invariably attributed to sorcery, witchcraft, or the breach of taboo; curing involves the settle- ment of grievances. Ginger is t...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20

... 54 Easter Island. sweet potatoes being the most important. Taro, yams, sugar- cane, bananas, gourds, turmeric, and arrowroot were also grown while berries and seabird eggs were gathered. Fish pro- vided some protein, although fishing was never a major sub- sistence activity. Easter Islanders continue to farm small plots today, although maize is now the major crop and Chilean cui- sine has rep...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 17:20