Fiber Optics Illustrated Dictionary - Part 28 ppsx

... _••1()241()211018101510~1 0- 31 0- 610""9l()?~a1 0- 15'1 0- 1810"'2110~1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,0001,OO(),OOO,OOO,OOO,OOO,OOO,OOO1,OOO,00(),OOO,OOO,OOO,OOO1,000,000,000,000,000l'~~8BO,OOO,OOO1,OOO~OOO,OOO1,0000,OOO1,000100100.010.0010.0000010.OOOOOOOO1O.OOO()OOOOOOOI0.OOOOOOOOOOOO0010.OOOOOOOOO0000000010.00000000OOOOOOOO000010.00OOOOOOOOOOOOOOO1deci- dcenti-cmilll- mmicro- mnano-npi~(rfemto-fatto- azepto- zyocto- yyotta-Yzettel-Zexa-Epeta- Ptera-Tgiga /Gmega-Mkilo-khecto-hdeca-da1066© 2003 ... ._ _.?•• - _••()_.__ e_._._IA •__ A._e_E •• _••N __e__o _.u•• 1._ 2••_ 3••• - - 4•••• - 5•••••6 - ••••7 - -e••8 - _ 9 eo A B - •••c _.D - ••E •F···G ... L._••MNop •__•Q - _ R S•••TU v··· w. _- x - .e_y_.' z - _••1()241()211018101510~1 0- 31 0- 610""9l()?~a1 0- 15'1 0- 1810"'2110~1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,0001,OO(),OOO,OOO,OOO,OOO,OOO,OOO1,OOO,00(),OOO,OOO,OOO,OOO1,000,000,000,000,000l'~~8BO,OOO,OOO1,OOO~OOO,OOO1,0000,OOO1,000100100.010.0010.0000010.OOOOOOOO1O.OOO()OOOOOOOI0.OOOOOOOOOOOO0010.OOOOOOOOO0000000010.00000000OOOOOOOO000010.00OOOOOOOOOOOOOOO1deci-...

... 18 7 0 -1 885 MHz 19 5 0 -1 965 MHzMTA Broadband PCS 19 9 4 -1 995C Block30MHz 18 9 5 -1 910 MHz 19 7 5 -1 990 MHzBTA Broadband PCS 19 9 5 -1 996D Block 10 MHz 18 6 5 -1 870 MHz 19 4 5 -1 950 MHzBTA Broadband PCS 19 9 6 -1 997EBlock 10 MHz ... Broadband PCS 19 9 6 -1 997EBlock 10 MHz 18 8 5 -1 890 MHz 19 6 5 -1 970MHzBTA Broadband PCS 19 9 6 -1 997F Block 10 MHz 18 9 0 -1 895 MHz 19 7 0 -1 975 MHzBTA Broadband PCS 19 9 6 -1 997 1 © 2003 by CRC Press LLCAdvancedandEmergingCommunicationsTechnologies ... smallelectronicappliancessuchascameras,calculators,penlights,etc.Seebattery.2.AhistoricnonrechargeableFCC-Designated Communications Frequency BlocksBlock Blk. Size FrequencyPaired FrequencyNotesDateA Block30 MHz 18 5 0 -1 865 MHz 19 3 0 -1 945 MHz MTA Broadband PCS 19 9 4 -1 995B Block30 MHz 18 7 0 -1 885...

... 1mW).TheNationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology(NIST)OpticalTechnologyDivisionandtheNISTElectronandOpticalPhysicsDivisionuseacryo-genicradiometerforabsolutepowermeasurementsinthedetectorcalibrationandspectralresponsivityfacility.InexperimentsattheSandiaNationalLabs,absolutepowerfromX-raysismeasuredwithtime-resolved resistive bolometry with Sandia fiber optic-controllednoise-reductiontechnology.7© 20 03 by CRC Press LLC Fiber Optics Illustrated Dictionary A Connector - 50PinsThe ... lightupontotheMediumSFIlglassSF5leadglassBaF13glassnonachromaticlensdopedglassborosilicate(BK7)glassfusedquartzglass-ceramicfusedsilicasyntheticfusedsilicaApprox.Number 25 .8 32. 345.057 .2 57.664.167.667.667.767.85© 20 03 by CRC Press LLCINPUT: 120 VAC60Hz15WOUTPUT:12VDC5DOmA Fiber Optics Illustrated Dictionary helpinmappinginternalstructuresthatcanbesensedwithsound,radar,orlighttoreveal ... Protocol.ab-Aprefixcommonlyusedwithnamesofpracticalelectricalunitsinthecentimeter-gram-second(CGS)electromagneticsystem,e.g.,abampere.ABAMAnolderWesternElectric(nowLucentTech-nologies)cabledesignationfor 22 -AWG,110-ohm,individuallyshielded,twisted...

... clientorserversoftware),orenablingtoolsthatdoanyone© 20 03 by CRC Press LLC Fiber Optics Illustrated Dictionary thedeviceor fiber. Dependingupontheapplication,particlesoutsidetheacceptanceconeandsometimeslarge-angleparticleswithintheacceptanceconeareexcludedfromprocessingorfurthertransmission.Seeacceptanceangle.SeeAcceptanceConediagram.acceptancepattern1.Inantennas,adiagramaticplotofoff-axispowerasitrelatestoon-axispowerasafunctionofthepositionorangleoftheantennaforagivenplane(e.g.,horizontalplane).2.In fiber op-tics,adiagramaticplotofthetotaltransmittedpowerasitrelatestothelaunchangleofthetransmission.acceptance ... modulation.Thisisknownaspoly-chromatic acousto-optic modulation.Otherapplica-tionsofacousto -optics canbeusedtotunefilters.Seeacousto-optic, modulation.acousto-opticswitchIn fiber optics, a switch ... Amodulating/demodulatingcom-puterperipheralthatconvertsdigitalsignalscreatedbyacomputerintoaudibletonesthatcanbecoupledwiththetransmittingendofatelephonehandsetorotheraudiotransmissionsdevicesotheycanbesentthroughananalogphoneline.Thedevicethencon-vertstheaudibletonesgeneratedbytheotherendofthetransmissionbackintodigitalsignalsforthere-ceivingcomputertointerpret.ThemodemisusuallyattachedtothecomputerbymeansofanRS- 232 (EIA -2 32 )interface,althoughsomeacousticmodemsdesignedfortheearlyApplecomputerswerecon-nectedthroughthejoystickport.Acoustic 30 0-baudmodemswereprevalentonper-sonalcomputersystemsinthelate1970s.Theseweregraduallysupersededbydirectconnectmodemsinthe1980s.Inthe1990s,all-digitalsystemsbegantosupersedeanalogphonelines.Acousticmodemshavemanylimitations.Theytendtobebulky,astheyneedsufficientshieldingaroundthetransmittingandreceivingelectronicstopreventthetonesfromcrossingoverandinterferingwithoneanother.Theyaresubjecttointerferencefromexter-nalnoises.Theyworkwellonlywithold-stylephonehandsets - thenewer,flatteronesdon'tprovidesuffi-cientshieldingorcontactwiththecouplerstotrans-mitcleantones,andtheydonotgenerallyemployanysophisticated...

... productfromAT&TGlobalInformationSolutionsprovidingaudio/video,filetransfer,andapplication-sharing utilities overISDNthroughITU-THSeriesandQSeriesRecom-74mendations standards and encoding techniques.Atanasoff, JohnVincent( 190 3-1 99 5) AnAmericanphysicistandinventorwhodeveloped ... avacuumtubecalculating deviceinthemid- 193 0s that foreshad-owedthefamousENIACcomputer thatwasopera-tionalinthepost-WorldWarIIyears. In 193 9,withasmallgrantfromIowaState College,hepioneeredthedevelopmentofa ... Press LLC Fiber Optics Illustrated Dictionary thatsupportsmid-rangespeedsandthetransmissionofbothvoiceanddataoverexistingcopper-pairwires.ADSLisbecomingapopularcost-effectiveoptionforfaster...

... ofenergyintheactivescintillatorelementsproduceslight,someofwhichmaybere-emittedandshiftedastoitswavelengthwithcoiledwavelength-shiftingfiberswithinthetilestructure.Thelightcanthenbetransmittedthroughanoptical fiber toaphototubeorphotomultipliertubewhereitisconvertedtoelec-tricalenergy.Seecalorie,scintillator,wavelength-shifting.CALSContinuousAcquisitionandlife-CycleSup-port(formerlyComputer-aidedAcquisitionandlo-gisticsSupport).ADepartmentofDefense(000)strategyforthecreation,use,andexchangeofweap-ons-relateddigitaldata.CALSCHThecalendaringandschedulingworkinggroupoftheIETF.SeeiCalendar.camAcompactdigitaloranalogvideocamerain-tendedforuseinonelocationforanextendedperiod,asopposedtoastillorvideocamerathatiscarriedaroundwiththeusertomanylocations(afewverytinycamsareintendedtobebody-wornorcarriedinapurseorbriefcase).Camsarealsodistinguishedbyhavingfewornocontrolsotherthanbasicaimingandfocusingcapabilities.Camsareusuallymountedonsmallstandsormaybehiddenwithinotherrealorsimulateddevicessuchasclockradiosandsmokede-tectors.TheymaybewiredorwirelessandareofteninterfacedwithacomputeroraVCRfortransmis-sionorrecordingofthecamimages.Camsarebecomingverypopoularforvideoconfer-encing,babymonitoring,Internetsecurity,remotemonitoring(childrenatadaycarecenterorwildlifethathasbeenreleasedafterbeingfittedwithacam),andsurveillanceactivities.Inrecentyearsthepriceofasmall,highresolutioncolorcamerahasdroppedfrom$600tolessthan$100.Seecamcorder.cam,stump ... Asourceoflaserilluminationbasedupongaseousmolecularaction.Anammonia-basedinfraredlaserwasfirstdescribedinapatentapplicationin1956byR.Dicke.CarbondioxidelasersweredevelopedbyA.Javanintheearly1960s.Fromsignalingandspectroscopytowelding,steel-cutting,etching,anddelicatesurgery,thecarbondi-oxidelaserissuitableforhundredsofapplicationswherepowerandprecisionareimportant.Ithasevenbeenshowncapableofhaltinginfectionsandprevent-ingextendedtissuedamagethatcouldrequiream-putation.Earlyin2002,CoherentPhotonicsGroupannouncedthattheyhaddevelopedthefirstindustrialQ-switchedCO2laser.Thelaseremitshigh-energy,high-repeti-tion,narrowpulsessuitableformicromachining/drill-inglPCboardapplications.AbasicCOt!asercanbebuiltinalabwithoff-the-shelfparts.Note,CO2lasersgeneratehigh-energybeamsthatcancutthroughsteel.Safetyknowledgeregardingassemblyanduseisessential.Seehelium-neonlaser,laserhistory.carborundumAsubstancewithrectifyingproper-tiesthatwasusedinearlyradiowavecrystaldetec-tors.Unlikethepopulargalena,whichrequiredverydelicatecontactandtuning,carborundumcouldbeclampedtightandsealedfirmlywithinthedetectorunit,makingitsuitableforfieldworkandroughhan-dling.MuchofthepioneerworkoncarborundumdetectorswasdonebyH.Dunwoody ... MachineTelephoneCTM.Oneoftheear-liestphonecompaniestouseautomaticswitching,technologythatwasdevelopedjointlybyGeorgeandJamesLorimerandRomaineCallender.TheLorimerbrothersestablishedCMTinPeterborough,Ontario,Canadain1897,andthereproducedthefirstcom-mercialCallenderExchange.TheLorimerscontin-© 2003 by CRC Press LLC Fiber Optics Illustrated Dictionary ofcablesleadingintoabuildingordistributionframe.Cable...

... conversionTheconversionofdatastoredasdiscreteunits,usuallyinonesandzerosoncomputersystems,tomodulatedanalogwavepat-terns.Amodemisacommondevicewhichperformsdigitaltoanalogconversionwhenchangingcomputersignalstomodulatedanalogsignalsthatcanbecar-riedelectricallythroughaphonelineconnection.Theprocessisreversedatthereceivingend.SeeD/Acon-version,modem.DigitalVersatileDiscDVD.Alsofrequentlyreferredtoasdigitalvideodisc,whenthecontentisprimarilyimage-based,buttheformatisnotlimitedtovideoimages,andalargeproportionofdigitalvideodiscsalsocontainaudio.DVDisavendorconsortium-developed18 0-9 66 0- © 2003 by CRC Press LLC Fiber Optics Illustrated Dictionary satellitethattransmitsasignalthatcanbepickedupbyindividualhomeandbusinesssubscribers,with-outgoingthroughanintermediarystation.Sincedirectbroadcastsaretransmittedtosmallcon-sumerdishes,andthesizeofthedishisrelatedtothelengthoftheradiantwavesbeingreceived,thehigherwavelengthsareused,suchasKu-bandfrequencies.Thispermitsadishassmallastwoorfourfeetindi-ametertobeeffective.Further,asDBSsystemsaretransmittedtothesmallconsumerdishesratherthantoastationwithapowerfulreceivingantenna,itwasnecessaryforthemtousehighpowertransmissions,usuallyaround40to160watts,farmorethanwasbeingusedforC-bandcommunicationsinthe1980swhenDBSbegantodevelop.(Todaysatellitescandeliveralmosttentimesthatpower.)DBStothehomepresentsanumberofthesamemoralchallengesaswidespreadaccesstotheInternet.DBSprovidersareconcernedaboutillegalconsumercopy-ingandredistributionofprogramming,andconsum-ersareconcernedaboutprogramcontent.Theseis-suesarestillbeingstudiedandresolved.DBSsystemguidelinesforEuropewereoriginallyestablishedbysegmentingthe11.7to12.5GHzfre-quency ... ofDigitalVer-satileDisctechnology,ispromotedbytheDVD+RWAllianceasastorageanddigitalvideorecordingfor-matthatwillbecompatible withthemajorityofex-istingDVDplayers. ItisexpectedthatDVD+RWplayers/drives will be able to read CD-ROM,CD-RW,DVD-R,DVD-RW,CD-Audioandothersimilardiscs.SeeDigitalVersatileDisc,DVDForum.digital ... higherresolutionorarealdensity,i.e.,smaller,moreprecisepitscanbeusedtostoretheinformation,dependinguponwhetherthediscisrecorded single-ordouble-layered,andsingle- or double-sided. DVDs usehigherdensitystorageanddifferent modulationanderror-correctionschemesthanCDs.Furtherflexibil-ityispossiblethroughtheuseofduallensaperturesinthelaserpickuptoprovide...

... ofmetalsandglassanddevelopednewtypesof optics. Hecoined© 2003 by CRC Press LLC Fiber Optics Illustrated Dictionary compress-send-decompressschemes,withthecom-pressionneededonlytospeedtransmissions,andthusnotdegradingthequalityoftheoriginal.Seefacsimilemode, ... Adefect,incorrectlyfunctioningsystem,mis-take,oraccident.In fiber opticcables,faultsmayin-cludecrystallizationduringfabrication,bubbles,un-desiredparticles(apartfromdeliberate fiber doping),misalignments,incorrectcouplingorbonding,exces-sivebends,anddispersionproblems.fault ... Press LLC Fiber Optics Illustrated Dictionary surrounds,secures,andalignsthe fiber filamentandsupportsthesurroundinghousing.Tomeetthede-mandsofopticalalignmentof fiber lightguides,fer-rulesmustbeexactandshouldnotstressoroverlybendthejoint,othetwiseinterferencefromimperfectcouplingcouldadverselyaffecttheangleofthelightbeamsorallowthemtoleakatthejoints.Ferrulesarecommonlymadeofzirconia(aceramicmadefromacrystallinepowder)oralumina.Zirco-niaisfavoredforitsbendingstrength,resistancetocorrosion,hardness,andheatresistance.Itholdsupwellinthepolishingprocessandovertimeoncein-stalled.Morerecently,plasticandopaqueglass-ce-ramicferruleshavebeenimprovedtothepointwheretheyexhibitacceptablestrengthanddurabilityforcost-effectivealternativestozirconiaforcertainap-plicationsinadditiontowhichtheymaynotrequirepolishing.Commercialferrulesfor fiber filamentsmaycomewithpre-domedorpre-angledendfacestofacilitatetermination.Theymaybesemifinished...

... designedbyComputerControlCompanyandboughtoutbyHon-eywell.TheywerereleasedataboutthesametimeastheDigitalEquipmentCorporation(DEC)PDP-8minicomputers.TheSeries-16computersincludedtheDDP-116(1965),theDDP-516(1966),andtheDDP-316(1969).TheDDP-316wasessentially aphysicallyreduced-sizeversionoftheDDP-516.By1960sstandards,the316linewouldprobablybecon-sideredminicomputers,astheyhad16-bitregisters,withcorememoryandamemoryread/writetimeofbetween1and2 ... leavingthecompanytocofoundMosaicFabrications,Inc.,withP.Kiritsy,inthelate1950s,hewasapproachedbyJohnJohnsonaboutthepo-tentialof fiber opticfilamentsforlengthening alightpaththrough fiber optics rather thanthroughlongertubes.Hickssucceededinpulling opticalfibers,inmaking fiber- basedvacuumassembliesand,incol-laboration ... Adiffusedelectronstreamusedtore-generatechargesappliedtothesurface of a storagetube.© 2003 by CRC Press LLC Fiber Optics Illustrated Dictionary areexperimentalanda number ofsystemsfromhe-liumtojet-engine propulsion have been proposed.Thecost...

... ofUNESCOafterthefirstWorldComputerCongressof1959.Anum-beroftechnicalcommitteesprovideexpertiseontech-nologicalmatters.http://www.ifip.or.at/© 2003 by CRC Press LLC Fiber Optics Illustrated Dictionary provideaforumforparticipationintheplanningandadministrationofthe ... preliminaryradioconferencein1903lead-ingtotheRadioRegulationsandfoundingoftheIn-ternationalRadioConsultativeCommittee(CCIR).In1934,thenamewasbroadenedtoInternationalTelecommunicationUnion.ItbecameanagencyoftheUnitedNationsinOctober1947,andthehead-quarterswastransferredfromBernetoGenevain1948.TheUnionlaterbecameknownastheCCITT,astherewereanumberofcelssetupfordifferentareasofcommunicationinthe1920s;theCCITandtheCCIFwereamalgamatedin1956.In1992,animportantconferencetookplaceinwhichtheorganizationwasevaluatedwiththeaitpofup-datingittoalignwiththecomplex,changingenvi-ronmentofcurrentandfuturetechnologies.Theor-ganizationhasrecentlybeenrenamedInternationalTelecommunicationUnion(ITU)becausethefunda-© 2003 by CRC Press LLC Fiber Optics Illustrated Dictionary crackles, echo, babble, chatter, crosstalk, cosmicnoise, and background noise. See individual entriesinthis dictionary fordetails.interference ... Fiber Optics Illustrated Dictionary International Special Committee on Radio Inter-ferenceCISPR.Aninternational committeewithmembersfromabroadspectrumoftheradiocom-munications/engineeringindustrywhoworktopro-moteinternationalagreementonaspectsofradioin-terferencetofacilitateinternationaltrade.CISPRiscomposedofanumberofinternationalorganizationspluseachNationalCommitteeoftheInternationalElectrotechnicalCommission(IEC).Through...

... 1bits +-+ - +-+ - +-+ - +-+ - +-+ - +-+ - +-+ - +-+ - +-+ - +-+ - +-+ - +-+ - +-+ - +-+ - +-+ - +-+ -+ I Code IIdentifierILengthI +-+ - +-+ - +-+ - +-+ - +-+ - +-+ - +-+ - +-+ - +-+ - +-+ - +-+ - +-+ - +-+ - +-+ - +-+ - +-+ -+ IData +-+ - +-+ -+ Link ... code assignmentConfigure-RequestConfigure-ACKConfigure-NAKConfigure-RejectTerminate-RequestTerminate-ACKCode-RejectProtocol-RejectEcho-RequestEcho-ReplyDiscard-Request© 2003 by CRC ... Fiber Optics Illustrated Dictionary end-to-end. Lightistheninjectedintotheconduct-ingcoreofthefibersthataretobejoined.Oneorbothofthefibersareadjusted...

... scenariosfordis-playinQuickTimeYR.QTYRMakeCubic enables userstobuildCubicVir-tualReality software.786© 2003 by CRC Press LLC Fiber Optics Illustrated Dictionary late1980sandthe1990sand,morerecently,hasin-troducedSuperDLTtapetechnologiesthatprovidefasttransfer-rate,high-capacitystorageontapecar-tridges.SeeSuperDLTtape.QuantumFlowControlQFC.InATMnetworks,acongestionavoidanceschemeproposedforuseonavailablebitrate(ABR)connections.Forexample,inanetworkinwhichVCItunnelingisimplemented,theATMdevicewillsendonlyafterreceivingexplicitcreditfromareceivingATMdeviceattheotherendoftheconnection.Iftunnelingisnotused,bufferal-locationandacreditmanagermustbeincluded.Ifthebufferallocationisexceeded,noncomplyingcellswillbediscarded.quantum ... StandardsQIC.Aninternationalassociation,establishedin1987,topro-motetheacceptanceanduseofquarter-inchreadable/writabledatacartridgedrivesandmedia.Thesetypesofstoragemediaarecommonlyusedforcomputerbackup,secondarystorage,andtemporarystorageforfilesthatneedtobetransported.Morethan100QICstandardshavebeendevelopedsince1988.QIC-40,QIC -8 0, QIC-3101,andQIC-3020havebeenparticularlyprevalentinthetapecar-tridgefield,althoughtheyarenowbeingsupersededbyhighercapacityformats.AcompletelistandfullerdescriptionofeachstandardareavailableontheQICWebsite.http://www2.qic.org/quarterwaveThedistance,orelapsedtime,inacon-ductinglineorthroughaconductingspace,whichis90°toawavedisturbance.Thisinformationinusedinthedesignofantennasandinthequadraturetrans-missionofsignals, ... accelerationAccelerationinacirculartrajec-tory, characteristic of a spinning solid or liquid789© 2003 by CRC Press LLC Fiber Optics Illustrated Dictionary computer keyboardhasdifferent symbolandfunc-tion keys,mostfollowcommonQWERTYconfigu-rations.QWERTYwasoriginally...

... oftheevolutionoftheNet,itsstructure,functioning,andphilosophies.© 2003 by CRC Press LLC Fiber Optics Illustrated Dictionary passedFCCrequirements.ThisRegistrationNum-berisnotrelatedtoquality,suitabilityforaparticu-laruse,orotherusabilityissues;itsimplyconfirmsthattheequipmentfallswithinacceptableemissionstandards.Reis, ... AcolordesignationusedbymMtoindi-cate wires usedtoestablish a hardware patchto© 2003 by CRC Press LLC Fiber Optics Illustrated Dictionary ormaybeconnectedthrougha combination ofwire-lineandwirelessservices(e.g.,fromtheterminaltoawirelessaccessconcentratortoasatellitelinktothemainoffice).Remote ... oftheories,sciences,andtechnologies.Incommunications,muchR&Dfo-cusesoncreatingmarketableproducts.R&Doftenconsumesahugeproportionofastartupbusiness'sbudget.ManylargecorporationshaveR&Dfacili-tiestoenablethemtodevelopnewproducts,includ-ingffiM,LucentTechnologies(Bell),andXerox.Inmanycases,R&Ddoesnotdirectlyresultinprod-uctsthatcanbemanufacturedanddistributed,buttheprocessofR&Dindirectlycontributesinsurprisingwaysor,sometimes,decadeslater,whenmanufac-turingprocessesorneedschangeorcatchuptothetheories.Asanexample,CharlesBabbage'shistoricanalyticalengine(apioneercomputerconcept)re-searchanddesignwasapparentlytheoreticallysound,butthetechnologytobuildhismachinesdidnotex-istduringhislifetime.Asamorerecentexample,spaceresearchhasresultedinmanyportableandwirelesscommunicationstechnologiesthatmightnothavedevelopedotherwise.811© 2003 by CRC Press LLC Fiber Optics Illustrated Dictionary housing. Telecommunications services(suchasIn-ternetaccessorcableTV)andelectricalpowerdis-tributionaretwoexamplesofRCD...

... ,t Fiber Optics Illustrated Dictionary programatu.s.Berkeley,inwhichprototypemulti-hopnetworksofsmall,low-power,sensordevicesarebeingbuiltutilizingtheTinyOSevent-drivenoper-atingsystem.Itwasdiscoveredthatworkstationmod-elsofsecuritywereimpracticalinalow-power,multi-sensorenvironment,includingDiffie-Hellmanalgo-rithmsanddigitalsignatures.Theresimplyisnotenoughresourcespacetoimplementtheusualmethods.RCSwaschosenasthecryptographicprimitive,butothersharedkeyalgorithmscouldbeused.There-searchershavepresentedinformationonJlTESLA(atightversionoftheTimed,Efficient,Streaming,Loss-tolerantAuthenticationProtocol)toprovideauthen-ticatedstreamingbroadcast;onSNEP(SecureNet-workEncryptionProtocol)fordataconfidentiality,two-partydataauthentication,anddatafreshness;andonanauthenticatedroutingprotocolusingSPINSbuildingblocks.Resultsoftheprojectindicatethatitisfeasibletoaddsecuritytoseverelyresource-con-strainedsensornetworksthroughsymmetriccryptog-raphy.Seebeck, ... AdaptationLayer.SeeasynchronoustransfermodeintheAppendixforin-formationaboutATMadaptationlayers.sealn.I.A part designedtotightly closeorcloseoffa part, adjoiningparts,oracontainer.Sealsaresome-timesusedtomakepartsair-orwatertight.2.Ase-curity/tamperdevicedesignedtoindicatewhethertheparts ... light-sensitive material with rectify-ingproperties that were exploitedforsound and im-age communications. [U.S. patent#235,497,J880.}self-electro-optic effect deviceSEED.Aquantumwell-basedphotonicopticaldeviceusedforphoto-nicswitching,developedintheAT&TBellLabora-toriesin1987.Thismulti-elementdevice,whenbi-asedbyanexternalvoltage,createsanexternalfieldthatshiftsthewavelengthoftheonsetofabsorptionwhich,inturn,causestheintensityoftransmittedlighttovary.OpticalsensorscanbeusedwithaSEEDsystemtodetecttheresultinglight.Thissuggeststhepossibilityofdeveloping...

... metallicTIA Fiber Optic Communication StandardsDocumentDesignation DescriptionTWEIA-45 5-1 64A FOTP-I64TIAlEIA-45 5-1 71AFOTP-171ATWEIA-45 5-1 91AFOTP-191TIA-52 6-2 OFSTP-2FOTP-5FOTP-78100MbpsFOTP-87FOTP-98FOTP-157HumidityTestProcedurefor Fiber OpticComponentsSpectralAttenuationCutbackMeasurementforSingle-ModeOpticalFibers Fiber OpticCableKnotTest Fiber OpticCableExternalFreezingTestMeasurementofPolarizationDependentLoss(PDL)ofSingle-Mode Fiber OpticComponentsSingle-Mode Fiber, MeasurmentofModeField ... DiameterbyFar-FieldScanningAttenuationbySubstitutionMeasurementforShort-LengthMultimodeGraded-IndexandSingle-ModeOptical Fiber CableAssembliesMeasurementofModeFieldDiameterofSingle-ModeOptical Fiber EffectiveTransmitterOutputPowerCoupledintoSingle-Mode Fiber OpticCableSingle-Mode Fiber OpticSystemTransmissionDesign Fiber OpticConnectorIntermateabilityStandardsBlankDetailSpecificationforSingle-Mode Fiber OpticBranchingDevicesforOutsidePlantApplicationsPhysicalLayerMedium-DependentSublayerand10MbpsAuto-Negotiationon850om Fiber Optics Relevant Technical CommitteesTIAlEIA-45 5-8 7BTWEIA-45 5-9 8ATIAlEIA-45 5-1 57TIAlEIA-45 5-5 BTIAlEIA-45 5-7 8ATIA-559TWEIA-604TWEIA-620AAOOTIAlEIA-785FO-2.lSingleModeOpticalCommunicationSystemsFO-2.2DigitalMultimodeSystemsFO-2.3OptoelectronicSources,Detectors,andDevicesFO-2.6ReliabilityofFiberOpticSystems&ActiveOpticalComponentsFO-6.1 Fiber OpticFieldTooling&InstrumentationFO-6.2FO-6.3FO-6.6FO-6.7FO-6.9Terminology,Defmitions,&SymbologyInterconnectingDevicesandPassiveProductsFibersandMaterialsOpticalCablesPolarization-MaintainingFibers,Connectors,andComponents912© ... CommitteesTIAlEIA-45 5-8 7BTWEIA-45 5-9 8ATIAlEIA-45 5-1 57TIAlEIA-45 5-5 BTIAlEIA-45 5-7 8ATIA-559TWEIA-604TWEIA-620AAOOTIAlEIA-785FO-2.lSingleModeOpticalCommunicationSystemsFO-2.2DigitalMultimodeSystemsFO-2.3OptoelectronicSources,Detectors,andDevicesFO-2.6ReliabilityofFiberOpticSystems&ActiveOpticalComponentsFO-6.1 Fiber OpticFieldTooling&InstrumentationFO-6.2FO-6.3FO-6.6FO-6.7FO-6.9Terminology,Defmitions,&SymbologyInterconnectingDevicesandPassiveProductsFibersandMaterialsOpticalCablesPolarization-MaintainingFibers,Connectors,andComponents912©...