The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 20 pot

... Data The Oxford companion to philosophy / edited by Ted Honderich. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Philosophy Encyclopedias. I. Honderich, Ted. B 51. 094 19 95 10 0—dc20 94–36 914 ISBN ... be allowed to exclude its present. It is true, too, that one of these contemporaries may one day stand in the pantheon.

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... the aesthetic, centres on the nature of aesthetic responses and judgements. The philosophy of art and the philosophy of the aesthetic overlap, without either being clearly sub- ordinate to the ... or there is, but reason cannot determine that one is to be preferred to the other by that standard, then the agent (the will) must be free to choose either way. If, in...

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... head, Aristotle left Athens, lived for a while in Assos and Mytilene, and then was invited to return to Macedonia by Philip to tutor Alexander. Aris- totle returned to Athens in 335 at the age ... history of mathematics and Aristoxenus wrote on music. Theophrastus and the next head of the Lyceum, Strato, were independent thinkers, prepared to criticize Aristotle’s views, and...

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... (‘Lectures on the Philosophy of Logical Atomism’ ( 191 8), 1 79) , together with the facts composed of these atoms. Atomism as a theory of matter dates back to the ancients. Hume’s atom- ism is psychological: ... Bailey, The Greek Atomists and Epicurus (Oxford, 192 8). atomism, psychological. The view that the ultimate con- tents of the mind consist in self-standing items ow...

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... has come to be used, perhaps, to put a good face on the largess of the better-off to the worse-off. It thereby introduces doubts about the moral value of benevolence. The question of the moral ... best understood if we take the primacy of the economic to be an assertion not about causal influences but about historical tendencies. The Marxian theory holds that human hi...

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... merging the terms between which they hold into a single thing; moreover, their togetherness does not seem particularly due to the rela- tion since they have already (logically speaking) to be together ... component, then it seems to require to be related to its terms by fresh relations, and these to be related to those relations and their terms by further ones, and so on in...

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... George Brett and later Fulton H. Anderson shaped the philosophy depart- ment at the University of Toronto into one of the fore- most places for the study of the history of philosophy. Canada had ... affected by all parts of the body, but only by the brain, or perhaps just by one small part of the brain, namely the part containing the “common sense”.’ In his later w...

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... ‘concrete’, namely ‘particular’ and ‘non-abstract’, should not be run together. The deliberate use of the idea of a concrete universal is due to Hegel, for whom the ‘I’, the ‘now’, the ‘spirit of ... for the Protestant Reformation, even to the point of refusing to recognize its contributions to science the overall effect of change up through the stages is progressive....

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... interest in the Hebrew Bible and the political and theological usefulness of the biblical covenant to Protestant writers together gave currency to the idea of a founding agreement. Most of the theoretical ... was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire when he was born there in 1859.) The mathematical logician *Gödel was Austrian. (The German-speaking part of what is now...

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... wish- ing to extend to the many the rigorous intellectual educa- tion hitherto enjoyed only by the few. But it ran into difficulties. These were partly specific— about whether, for instance, there ... valued field to devote themselves to the devel- opment of their talent. To object to this in itself seems, as Nietzsche urged, to be little more than a symptom of envy on the...

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... local ‘prejudices’ and customs, which owe their development to historical pecu- liarities rather than to the exercise of reason. What mat- ters to the Enlightenment is not whether one is French or German, ... to sub- jective opinion, masculinity to femininity, science to other forms of knowledge and theory, reason to emotion, the mind to the body, and so on. Further, s...

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... storage (raising the possibility that the couple may divorce or die); donating the embryo to another infertile couple; contracting with another woman to gestate the embryo and return it to the ... understanding the past and the present. Feuerbach proposes plans for the reform of philosophy Provisional Theses for the Reformation of Phil- osophy (1843) and Principles of...

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... errors, and the behaviour of the patient towards the therapist in the analytic setting ( the transference’), they uncovered the repressed pathogenic material. This material was found to display ... ‘repression’, these states are subject to transform- ations which render them unrecognizable by the subject and may have pathological consequences. The conviction that, when the...

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... and to keep the natural sciences in their proper place, if not to ignore them altogether. Connected with this (since theologians need to inter- pret ancient texts) is the deeply historical character ... sup- port, but the belief that German is an ideal philosophical language, whatever its truth, affects the style of much German philosophy. Owing in part to the nature of...

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... relations to others; it is with others from the start. But others threaten its integrity: ‘as being together with others, Dasein stands in thrall to others. It itself is not; the others have ... monu- ments, and records]; these activities presuppose historical Being towards the Dasein that has-been-there—that is to say, they presuppose the historicality of the historian’s ex...

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