The grammar of the english verb phrase part 45 doc
The grammar of the english verb phrase part 2 doc
... verb forms 22
A. Tense 22
1.14 Introduction 22
1.15 The formation of the present tense 23
1.16 The formation of the past tense 23
1.17 The formation of the other tenses 24
1.18 The meanings of ... 25
1.19 Special uses of tenses 27
B. Aspect 28
1 .20 Introduction 28
1 .21 Perfective aspect 30
1 .22 Imperfective aspect 31
1 .23 Habitual aspect 33
1...
The grammar of the english verb phrase part 3 docx
... speak of a
noun phrase (NP) (e. g.
all those beautiful houses built in the sixties). If the head is a verb, the phrase
is a verb phrase (VP). In the following sentence the VP is in italics and the
verb ... with the past tense and the present perfect. Chapters 13 and 14
look at the semantics of the temporal adverbs when, before and after and the
consequenc...
The grammar of the english verb phrase part 4 docx
... having eaten). The point is that the time of orientation
to which they relate the time of their situation does not have to be the temporal
zero-point. It is criterial of tensed forms that they encode ... consisting of the initial
letters of the terms negation, inversion, code and emphasis. The reference is to
the four cases in which the English VP requires an aux...
The grammar of the english verb phrase part 8 doc
... (and to the clauses denoting
them), the literature also applies these labels to the verbs or verb phrases which
typically refer to a particular group of situations. We read of ‘punctual verbs’,
‘durative ... Using the term verb phrase (VP)
Strictly speaking, a verb phrase is a phrase (group of words) with a verb as
head. Thus, the clause John presumably left the...
The grammar of the english verb phrase part 11 doc
... according to the length
of the book or the size of the wall and is unspecified when the verb phrase
write a book or build a wall is used). The other kind of measuring VP consists
of verb phrases which ... characteristic of sen-
tences (since the nature of the subject does not play a part in making the
distinction)
20
but of verbs and verb phrases. In...
The grammar of the english verb phrase part 30 docx
... about other parts of the situa-
tion or about the situation as a whole. In technical terms, what is located in
the past is not the time of the full situation but the situation time (the time of
the ... to manage to reach the addressee so quickly.
In each of the clauses in the past tense, the speaker is concerned with one particular
situation forming part of...
The grammar of the english verb phrase part 34 doc
... connection with the
time of the full situation, the semantics of the present perfect is always The
situation time is located in the pre-present zone’, i. e. The pre-present zone
contains the situation ... interpretation. (The precondi-
tion for the continuative reading Ϫ that the situation be homogeneous, in
other words that the situation time can be a proper subpart...
The grammar of the english verb phrase part 36 docx
... Compare:
IV. More on the indefinite reading of the perfect 243
The following pair of examples also illustrates the rule that (on an indefinite
interpretation) the time of actualization of the situation ... of the recession.
244 5. The absolute use of the present perfect
Moreover, the present perfect can co-occur with the adverbials recently, lately,
just and...
The grammar of the english verb phrase part 43 docx
... reading. The
latter is the preferred interpretation if the sentence is used out of context.)
The Johnsons have lived in London for three years now. (The presence of now in
the adverbial means that the ... before, in the past,
etc., this distance is as short as is allowed by the semantics and pragmatics of
290 5. The absolute use of the present perfect
(a) On the...
The grammar of the english verb phrase part 45 doc
... is the resultant state
that inevitably comes about when a situation is completed: the completion of
the action of locking up the shop automatically (and immediately) produces
the state of the ... present
result and the second does not. What we can say is that the first suggests that
the immediate effect on the world produced by the situation of locking up the
s...
The grammar of the english verb phrase part 53 doc
... Because the location of a situation time in the future is not the
main meaning of these forms (reference to the present is at least as important
and in some cases is the core temporal meaning) they ... That is,
the source or cause of the actualization of the future situation is already pres-
ent. The present ‘roots’ of the future situation may lie in an intention...
The grammar of the english verb phrase part 63 doc
... interpreted
as following the situation of the previous clause. The first two of the above
examples appear to be part of such a story with a linear temporal structure.
The answers in the last two examples ... the
temporal order of the situations is either irrelevant or recoverable in some
other way, e. g. from the use of time adverbials, from the order in which...
The grammar of the english verb phrase part 65 docx
... to another time in a past
domain, the past perfect is used. This is the case irrespective of whether the
binding time is the ‘central orientation time’ (see 8.15) of the past domain or
another ... e. the situation time of said.)
The tense structure of the last example is represented by Figure 9.1.
9.1.1 The past perfect can express the same types of T-anteriority...
The grammar of the english verb phrase part 76 doc
... hand, and the conditional tense or conditional perfect
(effecting indirect binding), on the other. It follows that the distribution of the
tenses in the latter option will be the same as the distribution ... which T-relates the writing to the situation time of will
announce rather than to the situation time of will publish.)
16
16. Like the conditional tense (see...
The grammar of the english verb phrase part 77 docx
... Outline of the distribution of the two systems 535
II. Theoretical analysis of the Absolute Future System and the
Pseudo-t
0
-System 537
10.4 Characteristics of the two systems 537
10.5 Summary of part ... represent the time of their situation as
either T-anterior or T-posterior to the central orientation time of the domain
in question. That is, they establish...