CLIMATE CHANGE – GEOPHYSICAL FOUNDATIONS AND ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS 1 ppsx

... variance shelf. 1, E-02 1, E- 01 1,E+00 1, E+ 01 1,E+02 1, E+00 1, E+ 01 1,E+02 1, E+03 1, E+04 1, E+05n[days]F(n)=0.5 =1. 4 1, E+00 1, E+ 01 1,E+02 1, E+03 1, E+00 1, E+ 01 1,E+02 1, E+03 1, E+04n(days)F(n)=0.65=0.63 1, E+00 1, E+ 01 1,E+02 1, E+03 1, E+00 ... 1, E+04n(days)F(n)=0.65=0.63 1, E-02 1, E- 01 1,E+00 1, E+ 01 1,E+02 1, E+00 1, E+ 01 1,E+02 1, E+03 1, E+04 1, E+05n[days]F(n)=0.5 =1. 4 1, E+00 1, E+ 01 1,E+02 1, E+03 1, E+00 1, E+ 01 1,E+02 1, E+03 1, E+04n(days)F(n)=0.65=0.63 1, E+00 1, E+ 01 1,E+02 1, E+03 1, E+00 ... 1, E+04n(days)F(n)=0.65=0.63 1, E+00 1, E+ 01 1,E+02 1, E+03 1, E+00 1, E+ 01 1,E+02 1, E+03 1, E+04n(days)F(n)=0.65=0.63n (days) n (days) 1, E-02 1, E- 01 1,E+00 1, E+ 01 1,E+02 1, E+00 1, E+ 01 1,E+02 1, E+03 1, E+04 1, E+05n[days]F(n)=0.5 =1. 4 1, E+00 1, E+ 01 1,E+02 1, E+03 1, E+00...

... william.collier@yale.eduENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS 8 (2009) 17 1 1 86doi :10 .3763/ehaz.2009.00 21 # 2009 Earthscan ISSN: 17 47-78 91 (print), 18 78-0059 (online) www.earthscanjournals.comClimatechangeasenvironmentalandeconomichazardGuestEditor: ... require political and public awareness and economic resources for timely and efficient policy treatment. In particular – and of no lesssignificance than climate change – natural and human-made ... riskreduction and climate change adaptation: Identifying gapsin an uncertain worldWILLIAM M. COLLIER 1, *, KASEY R. JACOBS 1 , ALARK SAXENA 1 , JULIANNE BAKER-GALLEGOS 1 ,MATTHEW CARROLL 1 AND GARY...

... renewal and transformation; and (3) and understandingof change and uncertainty as inherent insocial -ecological systems.This statement strongly reflects the convergentaspects of CCA and DRR. ... gaps and ways forward to link the fields of CCA and DRR for a holistic systems approach to deal withthe inherent uncertainty associated with climate change and hazard events. 1. 1. Understanding ... both DRR and CCA (e.g.UNISDR Working Group on Climate Change and the Red Cross/Red Crescent Climate Change Center), suggesting that DRR has muchto contribute to CCA policy and research(Handmer,...

... 24(2). 22 7–2 61. Kunreuther, H. C., 19 96. Mitigating disaster losses throughinsurance. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 12 . 17 1 1 87.Kunreuther, H. C. and Michel-Kerjan, E. O., 2007. Climate change, ... biodiversity. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 17 (1) . 4 0–4 4.Common, M., 19 95. Economists don’t read Science. Ecological Economics, 15 (2). 10 1 1 03.Dietz, T., Ostrom, E. and Stern, P., 2003. The struggleto ... Management,34 (1) . 7 5–9 0.Ostrom, E., Janssen, M. A. and Anderies, J. M., 2007.Going beyond panaceas. Proceedings of the NationalAcademy of Sciences of the United States of America, 10 4(39). 15 17 6 1 517 8.Pelling,...

... of landfallsfor three periods, each divided into halvesHurricanelandfalls 19 0 0– 19 53 19 5 4– 2008 19 5 1 19 79 19 8 0– 2008 19 7 9– 19 93 19 9 4– 2008Zero 10 10 4 7 3 4One 11 25 15 11 8 3Two 17 7 ... variability in landfalls.3.2. Landfall rates and proportionTable 2 shows for three different periods – 19 00 – 2008, 19 5 1 2 008 and 19 7 9–2 008 – the frequencyof annual landfalls in the first and second ... for four equal periods 19 0 1 19 27 19 2 8– 19 54 19 5 5– 19 81 198 2– 2008Landfalling hurricanes 48 54 37 48Total normalizeddamage (USD billion)296 296 205 349Damage per landfall(USD billion)6.2...

... why can’t we detect change- points atUS landfall? arXiv:physics/0 611 107v1 [physics.ao-ph],2 February. http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/physics/pdf/0 611 /0 611 107v1.pdf.Owens,B.F.andLandsea,C.W.,2003.Assessingthe ... Program,Washington, DC.Solow, A. R. and Moore, L., 2002. Testing for trend inNorth Atlantic hurricane activity, 19 0 0–9 8. Journalof Climate, 15 . 311 1 3 11 4.Swanson, K., 2008. False causality ... of running five-year number of land-falls, 18 5 1 2 008FIGURE 6 Histogram of annual number of land-falls, 18 5 1 2008United States hurricane landfalls and damages 19 7ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDSBudgets...

... Assessingdangerous climate change through an update of theIntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)‘reasons for concern’. Proceedings of the NationalAcademy of Science USA, 10 6 (11 ). 413 3–4 13 7.Solomon, ... Intergo-vernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) pro-jects a rise in global average surface temperaturesbetween 1. 1 and 2.98C in 210 0 for a low-emissionscenario and between 2.4 and 6.48Cin 210 0undera high-emission ... 2007).2.2. Climate change and the frequency and severity of natural disastersIn addition to socio-economic developments, climate change may increase the intensity and severity of weather extremes and...

... probability*damage,intheNetherlands until the year 210 0. Two extremeswere studied in order to gain insights into theeffectofurbangrowthontheonehandand climate change on the other.5 Effects of climate change were ... Important examplesare prospect theory and rank-dependent utilitytheory (Kahneman and Tversky, 19 79; Quiggin, 19 82; Schmeidler, 19 89; Tversky and Kahneman, 19 92). Allowing for ‘bounded rationality’ ... and after a disaster, and emphasizes inge-nuity and resourcefulness applied.In the context of climate change Timmerman (19 81) defines resilience as the capacity toabsorb and recover from the...

... Sciences, 5 (1) . 11 7 1 26.Kunreuther, H. C., 19 96. Mitigating disaster lossesthrough insurance. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 12 ( 2–3 ). 17 1 1 87.Kunreuther, H. C., 2006a. Disaster mitigation and insurance: ... ofPennsylvania Law Review, 15 5(6). 17 9 5 1 842.Kunreuther, H. C. and Pauly, M., 2006. Rules ratherthan discretion: lessons from Hurricane Katrina.Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 33 (1) . 10 1 1 16 .Kunreuther, ... 9(2).28 9–3 01. Dlugolecki, A. F., 2000. Climate change and the insur-ance industry. The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insur-ance – Issues and Practice, 25(4). 58 2–6 01. Dlugolecki, A. F., 2008. Climate change...