Biofuel''''''''s Engineering Process Technology Part 5 doc

... Original particle Moisture of fuel as received W ar , % 1. 4 8 10 4 Ash (dry basis), A d , % 0.9 1 2 0.97 Volatile content V daf , % 15 88 87 85 Low heat value Q daf , MJ/kg 31. 5 18 .1 17.5 18 .9 ... Biofuel's Engineering Process Technology, Edited by Marco Aurélio Dos Santos Bernardes p. cm. ISBN 978-953-307-480 -1 Biofuel's Engineering Process Techn...

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... at 323 K, it will be easier to regenerate than at 29 8 K. 0 1 2 3 0 123 45 Amount adsorbed [mol/kg] Pressure [bar] CO 2 CH 4 0 0 .2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 0 1 020 304050 C/Co Time [seconds 1 /2 ] CO 2 CH 4 ... Biomass Bioenergy 25 :23 5 -25 5. Vertès, A.A., Inui, M. & Yukawa, H. 20 06. Implementing biofuels on a global scale. Nat. Biotechnol. 24 :761-764. Biofuel's E...

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... (MJ/kg) b 43. 35 37 .62 37 . 83 39.62 Density 20ºC (kg/m 3 ) c 828 915 920 920 Energy content (MJ/l) b,c 35 .81 34 .42 34 .80 36 .45 Viscosity (mm 2 /s) c 20°C 4.64 75.27 70.8 64 .37 80°C 1.64 ... 0 0.1 0.2 0 .3 0.4 0.5 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 30 00 Molar flow [mmol/s] Time [seconds] CH4 CO2 30 0 30 5 31 0 31 5 32 0 32 5 33 0 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 30 00...

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... acetate-ethanol (2:1) mixture used by Lin et al. (Lin et al., 20 04) . For Biofuel's Engineering Process Technology 144 Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) mandates the use of 15 billion gal/y ... food needs can be simultaneously met. 0 2000 40 00 6000 8000 10000 12000 140 00 1980 1982 19 84 1986 1988 1990 1992 19 94 1996 1998 2000 2002 20 04 2006 2008 Year U.S. Corn (bu)...

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... autoclave 250 -340 6-18 6-120 27.6 36 Minowa, et al., 19 95 Sewage sludge 0.3 L autoclave 150 -300 0-180 44 .5 35. 7 Suzuki, et al., 1990 Sewage sludge 4.2L microwave 250 - 350 8-20 30.7 ... 19 95 MSW autoclave 2 95- 450 20-90 35- 63.3 Kranich et al., 1984 Sewage sludge 20 kg/hr. 300-360 10-18 5- 20 30- 35 Goudriaan et al., 2000 Table 2. Overview of literature o...

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... after methanisation Organic substances 65 .1  2 .6 62.7  2.4 64 .1  2.4 36. 9  1.5 Total nutrients N 6. 2  0.2 2 .6  0.1 3.9  0.2 3.1  0.1 P 1 .6  0.1 0.7  0.0 1.1  0.0 1.3  0.1 K ... 8 .60  0 .69 14.27  1.14 10.82  0. 86 2.01  0.15 7.97  0 .65 13.50  1.09 10.39  0,85 2.08  0,17 Proteins (Berstein)  % 13.43  1.30 17.95  1 .62...

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... Microbiology and Biotechnology, Vol. 71 , No. 5, pp. 5 87- 5 97, ISSN 0 175 -75 98 Perspectives of Biobutanol Production and Use 2 47 population was impaired (Kosaka et al., 20 07) . The very detailed ... 4. Parameter Bioethanol Biobutanol Gasoline 95 Boiling Point (°C) 78 .3 1 17. 7 30-215 Density (kg.m -3 ) 79 4 809 72 0 -75 0 Kinematic Viscosity (mm 2 .s -1 ) 1.5 3.6 0.4...

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... Biodiesel production from heterotrophic microalgal oil. Bioresource Technology 97 :84 1 -84 6. Biofuel's Engineering Process Technology 310 Fig. 6. Temperature sweep of bio-oils produced ... Contam Toxicol 1 38: 73-145. Hoffert M.I., Caldeira K., Jain A.K., Haites E.F., et al. 19 98. Energy Implications of future stabilization of atmospheric CO2 content. Nature 395...

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... (2011). Novel drying process based on self-heat recuperation technology, Drying Technology, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp.105-110, ISSN 0737- 393 7 Hallale, N. (2008). Process Integration technology, In: Kirk-Othmer ... Technology 2nd Ed. Vol. 2, A. Seidel, (Ed.), 533-550, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 97 8-0-470-12741-4, NJ, USA Biofuel's Engineering Process Technology 312...

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... Methanol Reaction time (min) 10 10 10 Yield (%) 75 68 35 Ethanol Reaction time (min) 20 10 10 Yield (%) 75 30 47 n-propanol Reaction time (min) 20 10 10 Yield (%) 75 78 79 n-butanol ... methods and the optimization of the processes (Sharma et al., 2008). So, various processes such as supercritical process, Biofuel's Engineering Process Technology 384 Zh...

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... al., 2011a 3.2 5.3 0.46 149 1089 1.6 7.8 0.46 155 114 9 Canola 6.4 12.6 0.89 144 1019 Adapa et al., 2011a 3.2 9.2 0.52 190 119 2 1.6 8.3 0.37 203 1309 Corn Stover 3.2 6.22 0.41 131 117 0 Mani ... - Optimisation of the hydroprocessing conditions and particularly the required hydrogen levels - Determination of product -process relations. The effective hydroprocessing severity r...

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... Biofuel's Engineering Process Technology 436 Neely, W. C. (1984). Factors affecting the pre-treatment of biomass with gaseous ozone. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 26, pp. 59–65. ... Microbial Technology, 7, pp. 115 -120 . Shaw, M. (2008). Feedstock and Process Variables Influencing Biomass Densification. M.Sc. Thesis, Department of Agricultural and Bioresource Enginee...

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... required Biofuel's Engineering Process Technology 490 Minteer, S.D.; Liaw, B.Y. & Cooney, M.J. (2007). Enzyme-based biofuel cells. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, Vol. 18, No. ... containing 0.3 M glucose. The cathodic compartment contains an oxygen saturated phosphate buffered solution (pH 7.4; 0.2 M). Biofuel's Engineering Process Technology 478...

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... characteristics of the raw materials used and the type of process or technology used for their production. Biofuel's Engineering Process Technology 534 al. (1999) observed the effect of different ... end groups. J Agric Food Chem 47: 1981-1987 Biofuel's Engineering Process Technology 524 effect of heating rate and sample particle size on the thermogram be...

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... use in engines, part 1: Emulsion production, Biomass and Bioenergy, Vol. 25, pp. 85-99, ISSN 09619534 Biofuel's Engineering Process Technology 588 2. Blue Tower technology The ... the BT process are similar to the indirect gasification process with a pyrolyzer. This gasifier has three reactors for the preheating process, the reforming process and the pyrolysi...

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