WETLAND AND WATER RESOURCE MODELING AND ASSESSMENT: A Watershed Perspective - Chapter 4 pot

... and A is the total area of the Carex landscape. The fragmentation index of the Carex landscape in the Poyang Lake wetland area is 0.6 041 (0 represents landscape that has not been depleted, and ... spectral library and the spectral angle map- ping approach, and (3) to assess the accuracy of the presented approach. © 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 40 Wetland and Wat...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... vegetated watersheds. The average annual precipitation was about 40 0 mm. Greater than 95% of precipitation evapotranspirated, and less than 5% precipitation became stream- ow as inltration-excess ... impacts on groundwater recharge, soil moisture, and baseow. For- estation in wetland- dominated watersheds may have little effect on overall watershed hydrology since water balanc...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... heat balance used for snow- melt and potential evapotranspiration, are taken as spatially constant over the water- shed. Also, the partial linear reservoir coefcients for the groundwater and ... distributed watershed models of water and agricultural materials runoff and identies their limitations, and then presents our resultant distributed model of water and material m...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... limitation of these estimates when using them for water resources planning. 48 735 48 726 48 475 48 470 48 456 48 465 48 427 48 472 48 42 648 729 48 723 48 733 48 768 48 744 48 435 48 4 64 48 746 48 483 48 420 48 415 48 7 34 48722 48 601 Legend (kg/ha/year) 0–289 290–1981 1982 40 19 40 20–5170 5171–8838 8839–12283 122 84 23821 23822–38757 48 760 48 741 48 453 48...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... the east and then discharges into Poyang Lake. The watershed is characterized by a fragile FIGURE 20.5 FIGURE 20.6 © 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 160 Wetland and Water Resource Modeling ... in small watershed. Journal of Water and Soil Conservation 14( 2):19– 24. Desmet, P. J., and G. Govers. 1996. A GIS-procedure for automatically calculating the USLE...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... solar radiation reaching the water surface and water temperature. Addition- ally, the GIS is also used to input, store, retrieve, manipulate, analyze, and output spatial variables and other spatial ... 1 94 Wetland and Water Resource Modeling and Assessment We are implementing the combination of radiation estimates over the lake and SDD with other eld-based measure...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... GIS data Biological supporting function Total area of a target wetland (BV1) Total area of a wetland in a potentially impacted location >75 percentile 1.0 Wetland data and maps ≥ 25 and < ... water resources and hydrological data, (4) public water supply and water quality data, (5) biological and envi- ronmental data, (6) socioeconomic and cultural data. (...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... The coastal wetlands only used a single-season late spring leaf-off image from mid-March. Prairie wetlands, forest wetlands, and ripar- ian wetlands utilized a two-season (leaf-off and peak phenological ... is the largest freshwater lake in China, with many marshes, grass- lands, and alluvial oodplains in its watershed. The wetland area of Poyang Lake Basin has diverse ora a...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... informa- tion from the image by masking out the water bodies. Seven land cover types, includ- ing built-up area, wetland (with vegetation), grassland, forest, bare land, muddy beach, and farmland ... examining spectral characteris- tics, three groups of objects with spectral similarity were identied: (a) wetland and grassland/forest, (b) bare land and developing urban area, an...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... residential and industrial land uses interspersed among expanses of landlls, marsh grass elds, tidal wetlands creeks, mudats, and rivers (Figure 3.1). There are approximately Band 32 Band 17 Band ... benets (Ko and Day 20 04) . Salt marshes provide habitats for a wide vari- ety of sh and wildlife, and help maintain coastal water quality by acting as lters and scrubbers...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20