alcohol alcoholism and stress a psychobiological perspective

... Meetings and Events Association of Australia (MEA) and serves as a state and national judge of its industry awards She is the lead author of the Australian text The Business and Management of ... Africa She has published in the area of tourism planning and management, appearing in Anatolia and Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality and Tourism She is also a board member of ATLAS-Africa ... underlines the emphasis that people have always placed on marking particular dates, seasons and life stages Historically, it may have been the case that attendance at events was a mandatory part of belonging...

Ngày tải lên: 11/03/2014, 18:05

... “business as usual” on Wall Street and around the world for financial statement analysis and valuation Given the profound importance of financial reporting, financial statement analysis, and valuation, ... estimates, analyst-by-analyst earnings coverage, and analysts’ forecasts • Disclosure SEC Database, which includes company profiles, annual and quarterly company financials, pricing information and ... principal value added comprises the secret formulas that make up the concentrates and syrups as well as the product and brand promotion that maintain its brand name and brand loyalty Maintaining...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 22:20

... “business as usual” on Wall Street and around the world for financial statement analysis and valuation Given the profound importance of financial reporting, financial statement analysis, and valuation, ... estimates, analyst-by-analyst earnings coverage, and analysts’ forecasts • Disclosure SEC Database, which includes company profiles, annual and quarterly company financials, pricing information and ... principal value added comprises the secret formulas that make up the concentrates and syrups as well as the product and brand promotion that maintain its brand name and brand loyalty Maintaining...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 09:20

... Data.Caching.in .a. Mobile.Database.Environment 187 Say Ying Lim, Monash University, Australia David Taniar, Monash University, Australia Bala Srinivasan, Monash University, Australia Chapter.IX ... clear that f a = Ba y * if a> 0; otherwise Similar arguments can be made a for variables fab and faj Therefore, we can rewrite [LR4(D)] as:   ∑ Ca − Ba max(0, a A    a + ∑ b A \ a ab +∑ ... Mobile.Information.Systems.in .a. Hospital.Organization.Setting 151 Agustinus Borgy Waluyo, Monash University, Australia David Taniar, Monash University, Australia Bala Srinivasan, Monash University, Australia Chapter.VIII...

Ngày tải lên: 01/06/2014, 01:19

... ecological appraisals, and water quality and biogeochemistry investigations, many directed toward understanding threats on wetlands posed by climate change and water imbalances, chemical contamination ... wetland meadows in Grand Teton National Park using remote sensing and average wetland values Wetlands Ecology and Management 5:265–273 Lunetta, R., and M Balogh 1999 Application of multitemporal ... The coastal wetlands only used a single-season late spring leaf-off image from mid-March Prairie wetlands, forest wetlands, and riparian wetlands utilized a two-season (leaf-off and peak phenological...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... 18 Wetland and Water Resource Modeling and Assessment Water Built-up Urban Welland Mud Beach Forest Grassland Bare Land Farmland Developing Urban Area (a) (b) FIGURE 2.4 The overall comparison ... fr, wetland wt, muddy beach m, built-up urban areas u, farmland fm, bare land bl and developing urban area dv A classified result based on the expert system was obtained, and the comparison between ... objects By examining spectral characteristics, three groups of objects with spectral similarity were identified: (a) wetland and grassland/forest, (b) bare land and developing urban area, and (c)...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... residential and industrial land uses interspersed among expanses of landfills, marsh grass fields, tidal wetlands creeks, mudflats, and rivers (Figure 3.1) There are approximately Band 32 Band 17 Band ... 22 Wetland and Water Resource Modeling and Assessment marsh vegetation and invasive species in fragmented coastal wetlands Schmidt and Skidmore (2003), for example, examined and tested the ... Vegetation Using Hyperspectral Imagery 23 34 km2 of wetlands and open water within the Meadowlands, and 12 km of salt marsh vegetation including high marsh species Patens (Spartina patens) and...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... landscape fragmentation index of Carex, ∑Ni stands for the total number of Carex landscape type polygons, and A is the total area of the Carex landscape The fragmentation index of the Carex landscape ... spectral angles among natural materials (lake water, reservoir water, land) spectra and the lake water endmembers, with the analysis results in Table 4.1 Traditionally, the spectral distance and ... vegetation distribution area in the low water season, limiting the Carex mapping area within the lake beach wetland and water area The identified flood plain area from the July image was used as a...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... temperature and land cover also impact water availability by modifying how much precipitation is evaporated and transpired back into the atmosphere Finally, ancient aquifers provide a significant ... Wetland and Water Resource Modeling and Assessment Communities need to accurately assess future water supply and demand if water limitations are to be minimized However, estimates of average annual ... determinants of water loss by evapotranspiration and thus water yield across the southern United States (Lu et al 2003) Therefore, the Appalachians and the Gulf coast had the highest water availability,...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... station near the forest and grass catchments Daily precipitation and maximum and minimum air temperature observations from 2000 to 2001 are available, and they are input directly into the SWAT ... depth and water content Plant transpiration is simulated as a linear function of potential evapotranspiration and leaf area index The model offers three options for estimating potential evapotranspiration: ... forest catchment: the original Pinus massoniana forestland remains 6.3.2 DATA PREPARATION The model inputs require climate, soil, land use, and vegetation data There is a meteorological observation...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... 72 Wetland and Water Resource Modeling and Assessment IGBP Landuse BARREN OR SPARSELY VEGETATED CLOSED SHRUBLANDS CROPLAND/NATURAL VEGETATION MOSAIC CROPLANDS DECIDUOUS BROADLEAF FOREST DECIDUOUS ... In Plantation, farm forestry and water: Proceedings of a national workshop, 20–21 July, Melbourne, ed E K Sadanandan Nabia and A G Brown, 9–19 Vertessy, R A. , and Y Bessard 1999 Anticipation ... ΔQ = annual water yield change; ET1, ET2 = evapotranspiration of forest lands and grasslands, respectively; P = annual precipitation; PET = potential evapotranspiration calculated using Hamon’s...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... 1987 Additional data of pan evaporation and stream discharge from the observation station of the catchment outlet are used for model parameter calibration and model validation Precipitation Station ... Assessment TABLE 8.1 Model parameters after calibration Parameter Description Value m SRMAX td Smaxsf Exponential storage parameter Root zone available water capacity Unsaturated zone time delay per ... daily precipitation, pan evaporation, and stream discharge from 1982 to 1985 are selected for model parameter calibration, and the daily data from 1986 to 1987 for model validation Additionally,...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... nutrient, and sediment loading in a study area (Ghadiri and Rose 1992; Beven 2000; Garen and Moore 2005) In addition, most water quality models, such as CREAMS and GLEAMS, are field-size models and cannot ... the surface storage, bsepS, and lateral flow to a downstream surface zone, asS, are linearly proportional to the surface zone moisture, S Additionally, evaporation and evapotranspiration are dependent ... evapotranspiration calculations, spatial parameter patterns, and solar insolation estimates We also explored scaling effects in using lumped parameter model calibrations to calculate initial...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... 10.2) and most of the area was in the agricultural land 10.4 ESTIMATING ANIMAL MANURE LOADING POTENTIAL Improper management of animal manure can result in eutrophication of surface water and nitrate ... cropland to derive the average usage of nitrogen fertilizer per acre of cropland Average phosphate application data for all the cropland were based on the USDA National Agricultural Statistical ... cross Huron, Sanilac, Tuscola, Lapeer, Genesee, and Saginaw counties of Michigan and joins the Saginaw River near Saginaw (Figure 10.1) and has a drainage area of 2,177 km The Cass River is used...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... (AVSWAT 2000) has strong functionality in spatial analysis and visualization The SWAT model can be used to evaluate the impact of land management practices on water, sediment, and agricultural-chemical ... 11.4 BOUNDARY CONDITIONS AND SIMULATION DESIGN 11.4.1 BOUNDARY CONDITIONS AND MODEL DATA PREPARATION To simulate and evaluate the eutrophication of Honghu Lake basin under naturalagricultural environments, ... subtropical zone, features a typical northern subtropical humid monsoon climate, with abundant diurnal heating and precipitation in the same season The average precipitation in the area is approximately...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... landscape analyses and serve as standards for comparison between landscapes in different parts of the world Linking water quality to landscape indices allows us to compare land and waterscapes across ... TN, and TSS in SYSTAT 9.0 with water quality parameters (TP, TN, and TSS) being the dependent variables and the landscape parameters (landscape pattern metrics and slope) the independent variables ... desire to manage scale and data problems, such as the interaction among local and regional processes and the lack of adequate data for model calibration.9 Most other models simulate output based on...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... experimental installations are rarely available for a wide range of areas Remote sensing provides a powerful tool for the observation and study of landscapes Vegetation indices (VI) are robust spectral ... station with the most adequate rainfall, has an erosivity of 9,284.1 Jian, whose station is latitudinally located between Xiushui and Nanchang, has less rainfall erosivity compared to Nanchang ... a Lake Victoria basin catchment using a GIS-based universal soil loss model Agricultural Systems 76:883–894 Ma, Y L., and L H Mei Loss of water and erosion of soil in the Poyanghu Lake area and...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... these land use categories was multiplied by (for high-impact land categories such as urban and agricultural land), by (for moderate land use impacts such as fallow pasture, park, and suburban residential), ... using a stratified random design We established regularly spaced parallel transects, perpendicular to the shore, and randomly placed 1-m2 rectangular quadrats along each transect according to a random ... in the wetland disturbance axis (WDA) Sum of all metrics is 45, but is scaled out of 100 to get final WDA Score and range of values MAX Land use and habitat fragmentation (MAX: 15) Average buffer...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... body and vegetation, the near-infrared band is the most useful in distinguishing the land -and- water boundary and ground vegetation (Zhen and Chen 1995, Tan et al 2004) Bands and of the MODIS images, ... synthesize vegetation index diagram as follows: NDVI = (NIR − Red)/(NIR + Red) = (Band2 − Band1)/ (Band2 + Band1) The NIR and Red are are digital numbers (DNs) of the near-infrared band and red band, respectively ... Wetland and Water Resource Modeling and Assessment 15.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS 15.2.1 BUILDING AN EVALUATION INDICATOR SYSTEM Many factors, including biophysical and anthropogenic factors, may...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... temperature Additionally, the GIS is also used to input, store, retrieve, manipulate, analyze, and output spatial variables and other spatial data, such as solar radiation, digital elevation ... maximum rate of assimilation (AMAX) AMAX is the actual CO2 assimilation rate at light saturation for individual shoots, which responds dynamically to varying water temperatures at different water ... distributions of water temperature, while Handcock et al (2006) studied the accuracy and uncertainty of water temperature estimates from the thermal-infrared band of ASTER, MODIS, and Landsat ETM+ images...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20