... instantiating an interface withthree methods: the start and transition function of thetransducer which computesh(and from whichhcanbe derived), and an accessor method for the coeffi-cients ... prob-lem (4) can be transformed into an inner maximiza-tionˆs(m)= argmaxs∈SmE[F(s,·)], (6)followed by an outer maximizationˆz = argmaxz∈{ ˆs(0), ,ˆs(n)}E[F(z,·)]. (7)2.3 Closed -Form Inner ... those in (Gao et al., 2006; Jansche,2005). More specialized methods also exist, for ex-ample for support vector machines (Musicant et al.,2003) and for conditional random fields (Gross et al.,2007;...