Báo cáo khoa học: Huntington’s disease: degradation of mutant huntingtin by autophagy doc

... [39]. Degradation of mutant huntingtin by autophagy Previous work from our laboratory demonstrated that mutant huntingtin is an autophagy substrate [11]. Inhi- bition of autophagy at the level of ... such as mutant huntingtin in Huntington’s disease. In this review, we discuss factors regu- lating the degradation of mutant huntingtin by autophagy. We a...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 07:20

... fraction of AR as well as that of HIP-1, indicating that forma- tion of the HIP-1–AR heterodimer is involved in trans- location of AR to the nucleus. Facilitation of nuclear transport of AR by HIP-1 ... of apoptosis by exogenous HIPPI in the presence of endogenous HIP-1 is mediated through activation of caspase-8, caspase-1, caspase-9 ⁄ caspase-6, and caspase-3. Cleavage...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 07:20

... context of 250 repeats; and a corresponding increase of toxicity of this fragment of huntingtin in a polyglutamine-dependent manner of close to four-fold over Q138 huntingtin 1–171. Thus, loss of ... tools of ‘chemical biology’ in the study of huntingtin function and mutant huntingtin pathology. One of the strongest lines of evidence for a soluble oligomeric or m...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 07:20

... to be induced by administration of toxins or by genetic manipulations. This review will focus on the comparison of three types of rodent animal models used to study different aspects of PD: (a) ... of En1 and homozygous knockout of En2 (En1 + ⁄ ) ; En2 KO) have adult onset of PD-like features [24]. During the first 3 months after birth, the number of dopamine neurons in the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 05:20

... by the closest noun or one of the set of pronouns {I, you, it, me}. (If neither a noun nor none of the pronouns occur on a side of the verb, v itself is an endpoint of v.) To define VS(v), we approximate ... BASIC STRUCTURE of a TWSS: • (int) number of non-punctuation tokens, • (int) number of punctuation tokens, 91 • ({0, 1, 2+}) for each pronoun and each part -of- speech t...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... various proportions of Man5GlcNAc2 and Man9GlcNAc2 on newly synthesized glycoproteins. By studying the structure of the soluble oligomannosides pro- duced by degradation of these glycoproteins, ... Biochem. 271) Ó FEBS 2003 Most of the evidence for the occurrence of degradation signals involved in ERAD has been obtained by studying the effect of inhibitors of demannosy...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 16:20

... frequency of the j th sense of a i as given by Wordnet, and pos j is the positive score of the j th sense of a i , as given by SentiWordnet. Figure 7 shows an example of calculating the polarity of ... summaries of reviews of individual songs. We present an intrinsic evaluation of the extraction components, and of the informativeness of the sum- maries; and a user st...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... Thermostability appears to be implemented by a variety of strategies, using combinations of virtually all known structural parameters: increased number of ionic interactions, increased extent of hydrophobic-surface ... [15]. Analysis of a structural model of AmFd suggests that a combination of additional sur- face ion pairs, the zinc cofactor, and an efficiently packed core gov...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 05:20

... be learnt by maximizing the con- ditional likelihood of the training data. Perhaps somewhat surprisingly, models estimated by maximizing the joint were superior to models estimated by max- imizing ... quality of the estimated model. It should be noted that in practice, the MCLE of a model with a large number of features with complex dependencies may yield far better performance...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 05:20

... solution of the nonionic surfactant Polysorbate 20. The purpose of the surfactant is to reduce sample loss caused by the adsorption of hydrophobic molecules to the surfaces of the flow system of the ... the absence of specific stabilizing structures. Because of their relatively broad spectrum of activity, it has been suggested that defence peptides may offer an alternative sou...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 08:20