Effect of tunneling current on the growth of silicon islands on si(111) surfaces with a scanning tunneling microscope

... late-stage after the creation of islands with the STM, the accumulation of silicon atoms on the tip apex wasgrowth rate was about three times lower than the early-stage growth rate and was almost ... 1999; accepted for publication 15 November 1999Abstract The early-stage growth rate of a silicon island on a Si(111) surface at the center of the interaction between a sample and the tip of a scanning ... growth of islands at a biasFig. 2. Island height as a function of the duration of bias volt-voltage of −10 V and a tunneling current of age. Islands were grown at a negative tip bias voltage of −10...

Tài liệu Báo cáo Y học: The effects of ring-size analogs of the antimicrobial peptide gramicidin S on phospholipid bilayer model membranes and on the growth of Acholeplasma laidlawii B ppt

... is the lipid bilayer of the bacterial membrane. The very high anti-microbial activity of GS14 against the cell wall-less bacteria A. laidlawii as compared to various conventional bacteriaconﬁrms ... studies of the interaction of GS and its analogs with bacterial cells that the destruction of the integrity of the lipid bilayer of the inner membraneis the primary mode of antimicrobial action of ... compare the relative antimicrobialpotencies of these three GS ring-size analogs against variousGram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and against A. laidlawii, as the former types of bacteria...

Báo cáo y học: "Effect of antibodies on the expression of Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein gene"

... the mean number of parasites when treated with 1μg mAb/ml. Anti-CSP-mAb had contradictory effect depending on concentration and although mAb at lower concentration seems to have a stimulatory ... falciparum 3D7 clone. Concentration of DNA was determined by spectrophotometric analysis of optical density at 260nm (GeneQuant, Pharmacia) and standard DNA solutions were prepared. A standard ... ELISA, parasitaemia was calculated and cells were processed for RNA preparation. Expression of csp gene was quantified using Real time RT-PCR. There was an increase in parasite growth when treated...

Effect of Process Parameters on the Degradation of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Water Matrix using UV/H2O2

... solutions. The initial concentration of the solution being irradiated was also found to have significant effects on the rate of pollutant degradation as well as the kind and concentration of ... 2001). The dosage of H2O2 in the solution has a remarkable effect on the rate of degradation of the target pollutant. When the initial H2O2 concentration is increased beyond the optimum ... that there is an optimum H2O2 concentration that can provide the highest rate of pollutant degradation. The pH of the solution being irradiated affects the rate of radical generation...

EFFECT OF CARBON TO NITROGEN RATIO ON THE COMPOSTING OF CASSAVA PULP WITH SWINE MANURE

... as 1.3-1.7 million tons per year (Thai Tapioca starch Association, 2005). The cassava processing industry produces solid residues known as “pulp”. Cassava pulp contains a large amount of carbohydrate ... (FAO and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations). (1987). Soil management:Compost production and use in tropical and subtropical environments. FAO and Agriculture organization of the ... manure at an initial C:N ratio of 20:1 (dw/dw) Pile 2: Cassava pulp and swine manure at an initial C:N ratio of 30:1 (dw/dw) Pile 3: Cassava pulp and swine manure at an initial C:N ratio of...

Indoor tests to investigate the effect of brine depth on the performance of solar still

... of solar stills to optimize the design by examining the effect of climatic, operational and design parameters on its performance. One of the most important of the operational parameters that ... covers approximately 70% of the earth's surface, supplies of potable water are rapidly disappearing. This is because only 0.62% of the available water is in a form that can be traditionally ... operates using the basic principles of evaporation and condensation. The heat received from solar radiation by the still or from heaters (in the case of the indoor tests) evaporates the water....

On the ubiquity of the wrapping effect in the computation of the error bounds lohner 2001

...

Tài liệu Báo cáo "Effect of the preparation conditions on the properties of Fe-Pt nanoparticles produced by sonoelectrodeposition " pptx

... the aggregation and particle growth. In addition, the size distribution of the annealed particles was larger than that of the as-prepared samples. Figure 2 shows the XRD patterns of the as-prepared ... 120°C on the heat flow [21]. The broad peak on the DSC trace in the FePt nanoparticles suggests that there was no such transition in the FePt nanoparticles upon annealing. The formation of the L10 ... application of ultrasonic energy could increase the rate of electrolytic water cleavage. The effects of ultrasonic radiation on chemical reactions are due to the very high temperatures and pressures,...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Effect of deletion of the DNase I hypersensitive sites on the transcription of chicken Ig-b gene and on the maintenance of active chromatin state in the Ig-b locus docx

... examined to determine the roles of these DHSs on the transcription of Ig-b gene and on the mainten-ance of the active chromatin state.ResultsGeneration of DT40/Cre cells with a long deletionin ... genes,and one in the downstream region of the GH gene.Transcriptional enhancing activity, as determined bytransient transfection, was associated with DHSs in the Na channel gene and in the ﬁrst ... regionbetween the Ig-b and GH genes. A member of the OCT family transcription factors appeared to beinvolved in the transactivation of the region which had the highest enhancing activity of the three...

NOTES ON THE ROLE OF EDUCATION IN PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS AND GROWTH ACCOUNTING pot

... "education" variablesin aggregate production functions and of the problems associated with the measurement of such variables and with the specification and esti-mation of models that use them. ... Labor: total man-hours.Skill: Occupational mix-annual average income predicted for the partic-ularlabor force on the basis of its occupational mix and nationalaverage incomes by occupation. ... purposes, the construction of "humancapital" series would only add to the "round-aboutness" of the calcula-tions. Such calculations (or at least the calculation of the rates of...

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