Báo cáo khoa học: Optimization of P1–P3 groups in symmetric and asymmetric HIV-1 protease inhibitors pptx

... of the protease [23–25].We here report crystallographic studies of C-terminallyduplicated C2 -symmetric and asymmetric inhibitors in complex with the HIV-1 protease. These compounds,including ... approved six inhibitors: ampre-navir, indinavir, lopinavir, nelﬁnavir, ritonavir and saqui-navir [10]. The side effects of these inhibitors and the clinicalemergence of resistant mutants in HIV-1 ... identical P1/P1¢,P2/P2¢ and P3/P3¢ groups. The asymmetric positioning of the inhibitor in the protease substrate-binding site, especially the interactions betweenthe inhibitor and the ﬂaps, may be...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Roles of heat shock factors in gametogenesis and development pptx

... section and scheme of the coronal section at E14.5 in (F). (A) At E11.5, HSF2 is expressed in forebrain, midbrain and in hindbrain except for the midbrain, hindbrain midline. Surprisingly, the ... HSF4-bindingregions and of the transcriptional status of geneslocated around the HSF4-binding regions. This resultis thus suggestive of a structural effect of HSF4 onchromatin. In the absence of ... and inclusion-likestructures, which possibly exist in protein aggregatesbecause they contain aB-crystallin. More than 90% of the lens protein is composed of a variety of crystallins;Role of...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "TREATMENT OF LONG DISTANCE DEPENDENCIES IN LFG AND TAG: FUNCTIONAL UNCERTAINTY IN LFG IS A COROLLARY IN TAG" ppt

... define the operation of adjoining. Consider the adjoining of/ ~ at the node marked with * in a. The subtree of a under the node marked with * is excised, and/ 3 is inserted in its place. Finally, ... expressions used in LFG and the elementary trees of TAG. I.I OUTLINE OF THE PAPER In Section 2, we will define briefly the TAG for- malism, describing some of the key points of the linguistic theory ... the adjoining sequence at the root is inde- pendent of other nodes in the tree in spite of the coindexing. This is due to the fact that as the fea- ture structure of the foot of/ ~1 gets instantiated...

Báo cáo khoa học: Effect of ﬂanking bases on quadruplex stability and Watson–Crick duplex competition pptx

... ﬂanklengths of 0–12 bases in KCl. We observed enhance-ment of ﬂuorescence intensity on increasing the con-centration of the complementary strand, indicative of agreater extent of quadruplex opening. ... intensi-ties of the initial and ﬁnal states of titration, respectively, and abis the mole fraction of quadruplex in duplex form.Assuming 1 : 1 stoichiometry for the interaction involvingcomplementary ... compilation ª 2009 FEBS 3637into the cell containing 10 lm of preformed quadruplex at8 min intervals at 25 °C, and complete mixing was accom-plished by stirring with the syringe paddle at 300 r.p.m.Titration...

Báo cáo khoa học: Regulation of matrix metalloproteinase activity in health and disease pdf

... processing of one or several nuclear proteins, whereas the other isindependent of the processing capacity of the protein-ase and involves the HPX domain. A DNA-bindingdomain was found in the ... illustrated in Fig. 2B (step 1).Interactions with small integrin-binding ligandN-linked glycoprotein (SIBLING)Individual members of the SIBLING family are knownto bind strongly to both pro- and active ... autocatalytic step of the activation by binding tothe 64 kDa intermediate form of MMP-2 [52]. Binding and activation of MMP-2 was abrogated in the pres-ence of avb3 integrin-binding macromolecules...

Báo cáo khoa học: Contribution of exofacial thiol groups in the reducing activity of Lactococcus lactis docx

... extracellular surface and involved in thedecrease in Ehwould be of interest for increasing ourunderstanding of the mechanisms involved as well asthe reducing activity of L. lactis.A Gram-positive ... reducing metabolisms.L. lactis is able to maintain a low Eh7until the end of fermentation and for 24 h [16]. The role of theactive mechanisms in maintaining a low reducing Eh7was thus investigated. ... the initial Eh7value.Inhibition of the proton motive force showed no effect on maintaining theﬁnal Eh7value. These results suggest that maintaining the exofacial thiol(–SH) groups in a...

Báo cáo khoa học: Optimization of D-amino acid oxidase for low substrate concentrations – towards a cancer enzyme therapy pdf

... estimation of thespectra of intermediates, of rate constants, and of the con-centration of intermediates as a function of time. The sameprogram was used to simulate kinetic processes [35]. Of relevance ... gÆL)1glucose, 1 mml-glutamine, 1 mmsodium pyruvate, and penicillin ⁄ streptomycin, and thenexposed to increasing concentrations of DAAO and d-Alafor 24 h. Following the removal of the growth medium,Oxygen ... corresponding to similar rates of ﬂavin reduction (not shown). The dependence of kobs1values (obtained as in Fig. 3A) on d-Ala concentrationis shown in Fig. 3B. Therein, a curvature of the lineintersecting...

Báo cáo khoa học: Optimization of an Escherichia coli system for cell-free synthesis of selectively 15N-labelled proteins for rapid analysis by NMR spectroscopy pdf

... the main effect of transamination is a reduction of the degre e of 15N-labelling in the amino a cid of interest. In thecaseof[15N]Gly, much of the label appeared to havebeen trapped in an ... enzyme inhibitors. This wouldprovide the beneﬁt of less isotopic dilution and therebyimproved labelling efﬁciency and enhanced sensitivity of theNMR analysis. In the absence of enzyme inhibitors, increased ... isdepleted in natural amino acids. Absence of free aminoacids from t he cell extract is a prerequisite for efﬁcientincorporation of labelled amino acids in to target proteins.Furthermore, the protein...

Báo cáo khoa học: Optimization of conditions for the glycosyltransferase activity of penicillin-binding protein 1a from Thermotoga maritima ppt

... importance of thedetergent in preparing a stable monomeric ectodomain of a class A pen-icillin-binding protein. Our assay could be used to screen collections of compounds for inhibitors of peptidoglycan ... cross-linked through short peptide chains. Peptidoglycan assembly is catalyzedby the periplasmic domain of bifunctional class A penicillin-binding pro-teins. Cross-linking of the peptide chains ... Research and Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, Utrecht,The NetherlandsKeywordsmurein; penicillin-binding protein;peptidoglycan; screeningCorrespondenceT. Vernet, Institut de...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Basis of recognition between the NarJ chaperone and the N-terminus of the NarG subunit from Escherichia coli nitrate reductase pdf

... consists of the rapid binding of the N-terminus of the partner, regardless of whetherit is a twin-arginine signal peptide or not, followed byits release once cofactor loading and protein folding ... only minor confor-mational changes upon binding the twin-arginine signalpeptide of NapA [18]. In this case, biogenesis of theNapA protein is assisted by NapF in charge of cofactorloading [19,20]. ... the binding isotherm was biphasic,with the best ﬁt obtained with a two binding sitemodel, comprising a ﬁrst site with binding stoichiome-try (n) of 0.3 ± 0.2 and a binding constant (Kd )of 3.4...

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