... position. Yet the strengthening of the European Union, particularly in Justice and Home Affairs, makes this processmore challenging. In law enforcement and countering terrorist fi-nancing, the United ... with the United States on the day af-ter the attacks, and its members pledged both their individual and their collective support for any counterterrorism efforts. In the following months, the Europeans ... examines European responses toSeptember 11, both bilaterally and within NATO, and European par-ticipation in the war in Afghanistan. Chapter Three analyzes the ex-tent to which NATO and the European...