Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Natural Language for Expert Systems: Comparisons with Database Systems" ppt

... Natural Language for Expert Systems: Comparisons with Database Systems Kathleen R. McKeown Department of Computer Science Columbia University New York, N.Y. 10027 1 Introduction Do natural language ... the database system. We are currently working on natural language for expert systems at Columbia and thus, expert systems provide a natural alternative envir...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... are very restricted in terms of the language used for the interaction with machines. The problem with unrestricted natural language for cor-unicacion with machines is chaC no automatic way ... producing natural-sounding speech for large vocabularies with unrestricted gr w tical structures and for recog- nizing spoken speech for large vocabularies with unlimited...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... communicating with other h~rmans using natural language, it is not clear that we want to recreate these problems in dealing with the computer. While there is some evidence that natur- al language ... a group of users would end up with would be very far from a natural language. The argument is sometimes made that a natural language interface might be useful for those who a...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... 94025 I INTRODUCTION Although there have been many experimental systems for natural -language access to databases, with some now going into actual use, many problems in this area remain to ... their own choosing. II QUANTITY QUESTIONS Database query languages typically provide some means for counting and totaling that must be invoked for answering "how much" or...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... distributions. Therefore, we also experimented with force aligning the gener- ated corpus with the word alignment models trained baseline corpus before building the phrase table. 6 Experiments We performed ... sen- tences have more slots for substitution. Therefore, they have more occurrences in the generated corpus. We used the NIST MT06 test set for tuning, and experimented with 5...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... combined with target language information in order to choose the best translation, thus improving translation quality. We position the problem of generating alterna- tive texts for translation within ... language information as well. This pruning reduces the load of the SMT system, and allows for potential improvements in translation quality by considering both source- and target -l...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 07:20

... for each con- text, α ≥ 0, β ≥ 0, and α + β = 1, and that for every D n,C n (w 1 w n ) parameter, 0 ≤ D ≤ C n (w 1 . w n ). For each context, whatever values we choose for these parameters within ... schema, C n denotes the counting method used for N-grams of length n. For most smoothing methods, C n denotes actual training corpus counts for all n. For KN smoothing and its va...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 09:20

... word alignment for languages with scarce resources using bilingual corpora of other language pairs. To perform word alignment between languages L1 and L2, we introduce a third language L3. ... word alignment for languages with scarce re- sources using bilingual corpora of other language pairs. To perform word alignment between lan- guages L1 and L2, we introduce a third l...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... problems about human perform- 4. ante with natural language usage on computers. Codd [5] and Woods [8] describe informal studies in user perform- I) ante with their natural language systems. Small ... rigorous comparison of natural language with a database query language. Twenty subjects worked with a subset of SEQUEL and an on-llne 2) simulated natural language syste...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... affect lexicons for some color-emotion associations. For instance, anger has a strong as- sociation with red and brown, anticipation with green, fear with black, joy with pink, sadness with black, ... pink with joy, dark brown with trust vs. India-based annotators who associate yellow with joy and blue with trust. 4.3 Color-Concept Associations In total, workers annotate...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 02:20