... response to acti-vation of AMPK cannot lead to production of ATPbecause of lack of mitochondrial ADP. As AMPK sti-mulates cellular fatty acid uptake [29] and the availab-ility of circulating ... extramitochondrial AMP formation experimentally,as we used P1,P5-di(adenosine-5¢)-pentaphosphate(Ap 5A) as inhibitor of adenylate kinase to preventdepletion of available ATP and ADP and to maintainsteady-state ... species.Abbreviations[AMP]out, concentration of extramitochondrial AMP; AMPK, AMP-activated protein kinase; ANT, adenine nucleotide translocator;Ap 5A, P1,P5-di(adenosine-5¢)-pentaphosphate; ATP in ⁄...