Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Source-Language Entailment Modeling for Translating Unknown Terms" ppt

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Bilingual Sense Similarity for Statistical Machine Translation" ppt

... corpus. Both language models are used for both tasks. We carried out experiments for translating Chinese to English. We use the same develop-ment and test sets for the two data conditions. We ... of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pages 834–843,Uppsala, Sweden, 11-16 July 2010.c2010 Association for Computational LinguisticsBilingual Sense Similarity for Statistical Machine ... co-occurrence counts of the two units. Therefore, questions emerge: how good is the sense similarity computed via VSM for two units from parallel corpora? Is it useful for multi-lingual applications,...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Minimum Cut Model for Spoken Lecture Segmentation" ppt

... three lectures is-used for estimating the optimal word block length for representing nodes, the threshold distances for discarding node edges, the number of uniformchunks for estimating tf-idf ... Masao Utiyama for providing us with animplementation of his segmentation system and Alex Gru-enstein for assisting us with the NOMOS toolkit. We aregrateful to David Karger for an illuminating ... to ad-just our model to optimize its performance on thesynthetic data. The smoothing method developed for lecture segmentation may not be appropriate for short segments ranging from three to...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: " A Declarative Language for Implementing Dynamic Programs∗" pptx

... probabilities, whichpermits heuristic early stopping before the agenda isempty. With viterbi values, it amounts to uniform-costsearch for the best parse, and an item’s value is guaran-teed ... Parameter TrainingDyna provides facilities for training parameters. For ex-ample, from Fig. 1, it automatically derives the inside-outside (EM) algorithm for training PCFGs.How is this possible? ... the Toolkit for Advanced Opti-mization (Benson et al., 2000) together with a softmax6DynaMITE = Dyna Module for Iterative Training and Estimation.Dyna: A Declarative Language for Implementing...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Using Confidence Bands for Parallel Texts Alignment" pptx

... longer afford to waste human time and effortbuilding manually these ever changing and in-complete databases or design language specificapplications to solve this problem. The need for an automatic ... Y-axis intercept (thevalue of y when x is 0), substituting x for thePortuguese word position. For Table 3, the ex-pected word position for the word I at pt wordposition 3877 is 0.9165 × 3877 + ... brackets). For average size texts (e.g. the Written Ques-tions), these words account for about 5% of thetotal (about 3k words / text). This number variesaccording to language similarity. For instance,on...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "AN INDEXING TECHNIQUE FOR IMPLEMENTING COMMAND RELATIONS" ppt

... requierments for the formalism used. Hence, the indexing technique has a wide spectrum of applications for testing command relations in syntactic analysis. Futhermore, this method can also be used for ... special cases of definitions 1.1 and 1.2 for the property of being a set of maximal projections. Before I formulate the general command definition in a formal way, I will now quote some other ... special requierments for the formalism used. Based on it, Millies (1990) has implemented tests for MAX- command, subjacency and government in a principle-based parser for GB (Chomsky 1981,...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Source-Language Entailment Modeling for Translating Unknown Terms" ppt

... is observed (see Section 5.3 for someerror analysis). This conﬁrms our hypothesis thatdirectional entailment rules can be very useful for replacing unknown terms. For the combination of source-target ... like BLEU(Papineni et al., 2002).2.3 Textual Entailment and Entailment RulesTextual Entailment (TE) has recently become aprominent paradigm for modeling semantic infer-ence, capturing the ... resource for entailment rules. Paraphrases aregenerated using synonyms. Directionally entailedtexts are created using hypernyms, which typicallyconform with entailment. We do not rely on senseinformation...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Survival mechanisms of pathogenic Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv ppt

... be homologs of genes for M. tuberculosis PE ⁄ PE-PGRS, a family encodingnumerous repetitive glycine-rich proteins of unknown function(s). The mutation of these two genes for PE-PGRS produced ... host.AcknowledgementsWe thank Rajesh S. Gokhale for making this workpossible. We also thank Hemant Khanna (Universityof Michigan, Flint, MI, USA) for providing valuablesuggestions. The authors ... transformants.Four copies of the mce gene have been identiﬁed in theM. tuberculosis genome and have been designated asmce1, mce2, mce3 and mce4 [48]. The exact function ofMce1 is still unknown; ...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: A facile method for expression and puriﬁcation of the Alzheimer’s disease-associated amyloid b-peptide pdf

... performed inpositive reﬂector mode, collecting data from approximately3000 and 5000 single laser shots for MS and MS ⁄ MS anal-yses, respectively.Preparation of aggregate-free monomer for ﬁbrillation ... applied to acarbon-coated formvar grid, left for 1 min, ﬁxed with glu-taraldehye, wicked dry with ﬁlter paper, and 2% uranylacetate was added and the mixture was incubated for 2 min. The grid was ... ﬁltrate from fractions eluted at 150–200 mmNaCl. For both Ab(M1–40) and Ab(M1–42), allmanipulations were performed at slightly alkaline pHto avoid the formation of structural contaminants pro-duced...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Pathways and products for the metabolism of vitamin D3 by cytochrome P450scc docx

... resulted in the formation of 20,23-di-hydroxyvitamin D3 (RT = 30 min) and trihydroxyvi-tamin D3 (RT = 22 min) (Fig. 4A). A small lag (0–3 min) was seen in the time course for formation oftrihydroxyvitamin ... correlations for 3-CH and 23-CH; (B) expan-sion of proton–proton TOCSY correlations for 3-CH and 23-CH; (C)expansion of proton–carbon HSQC showing groups having correla-tion to 3-CH and 23-CH (for ... being17a,20-dihydroxyvitamin D3. We have therefore iden-tiﬁed this monohydroxyvitamin D3 as 17a-hydroxyvi-tamin D3. This product is only seen for themetabolism of D3, and not for the metabolism of20-hydroxyvitamin...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Oxidation inhibits amyloid ﬁbril formation of transthyretin ppt

... Percentage of TTR ﬁbril formation over time for V30M TTRand its oxidized forms from reaction with hydrogen peroxide for 10 min and 1 h. Absorbance measurements (A330) for each datasetnormalized ... inhibition of ﬁbrilformation.A similar effect was observed for both the WT andV30M TTR when they were reacted with ROS onshorter timescales. The percentages of ﬁbril formationover time for V30M TTR ... although theextent is somewhat smaller; for example, after 1 day,inhibition of ﬁbril formation decreased from 90% for the 1 h oxidation treatment to 84% for the 10 min oxi-dation preparation.Oxidation...

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